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	<title>Comments on: Kansas is full of light air</title>
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	<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/</link>
	<description>I am an astronomer, writer, and skeptic. I likes reality the way it is, and I aims to keep it that way. My real name is Phil Plait, and I run the Bad Astronomy blog.</description>
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		<title>By: Jason</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/comment-page-1/#comment-26316</link>
		<dc:creator>Jason</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 29 Dec 2006 23:45:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/#comment-26316</guid>
		<description>I was just enjoying the conversation and it occured to me to wonder how many Religous people have had their heads lopped off by Scientists.  Any?

Lets keep that in mind when people start talking about conflicting ideas and who should be worried about whom.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I was just enjoying the conversation and it occured to me to wonder how many Religous people have had their heads lopped off by Scientists.  Any?</p>
<p>Lets keep that in mind when people start talking about conflicting ideas and who should be worried about whom.</p>
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		<title>By: mike</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/comment-page-1/#comment-26315</link>
		<dc:creator>mike</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 29 Dec 2006 22:53:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/#comment-26315</guid>
		<description>I think the real irony is that nearly everyone here condemns stupidity and generalizations [which religions tend to do ALOT] and yet there is this anti-Kansas attitude... THAT is what is ironic.  it is a little ironic that the ID gang chose Kansas as a suitable battlefield [poorly thought out I might add] where Kansas is the home of such a mass of evolutionary evidence.  Ok maybe it wasn&#039;t ironic just &lt;i&gt;STUPID&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;.&lt;/i&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I think the real irony is that nearly everyone here condemns stupidity and generalizations [which religions tend to do ALOT] and yet there is this anti-Kansas attitude&#8230; THAT is what is ironic.  it is a little ironic that the ID gang chose Kansas as a suitable battlefield [poorly thought out I might add] where Kansas is the home of such a mass of evolutionary evidence.  Ok maybe it wasn&#8217;t ironic just <i>STUPID</i><i>.</i></p>
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		<title>By: Rift</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/comment-page-1/#comment-26314</link>
		<dc:creator>Rift</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 29 Dec 2006 19:03:25 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/#comment-26314</guid>
		<description>But SCR, the reputation of Kansas being a bible belt state (it&#039;s not) and anti-evolution, is completely undeserved.  Not one of the ID/creationist attempts at implementing things in the education system of Kansas succeded.  NOT ONE.  They were never implemented.  We are fighting the good fight, we are winning, and we are being redculed still.  No, it&#039;s not ironic.  It&#039;s sad that Kansas isn&#039;t being held up as a shining beacon in the cause of evolution, and anti-stupidity.  But it&#039;s not and that is what upsets me.  We have defeated the IDers at every step, and will continue to do so, although I personally believe with Governor Sibelious and Repersentive Boyda now voted in, the creationists are on a very poor footing now in Kansas.

All I&#039;m asking is that everybody recognize that we are fighting the good fight, in Kansas, and winning.  What is ironic, isn&#039;t the fact we produce 2/3rds of the worlds helium.  The ironic thing is that Phil&#039;s wife and her family is from Kansas, and he should know all this....  We were bushwacked by a few idiots, lead by people outside the state, and we defeated them...  That&#039;s the ironic thing.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>But SCR, the reputation of Kansas being a bible belt state (it&#8217;s not) and anti-evolution, is completely undeserved.  Not one of the ID/creationist attempts at implementing things in the education system of Kansas succeded.  NOT ONE.  They were never implemented.  We are fighting the good fight, we are winning, and we are being redculed still.  No, it&#8217;s not ironic.  It&#8217;s sad that Kansas isn&#8217;t being held up as a shining beacon in the cause of evolution, and anti-stupidity.  But it&#8217;s not and that is what upsets me.  We have defeated the IDers at every step, and will continue to do so, although I personally believe with Governor Sibelious and Repersentive Boyda now voted in, the creationists are on a very poor footing now in Kansas.</p>
<p>All I&#8217;m asking is that everybody recognize that we are fighting the good fight, in Kansas, and winning.  What is ironic, isn&#8217;t the fact we produce 2/3rds of the worlds helium.  The ironic thing is that Phil&#8217;s wife and her family is from Kansas, and he should know all this&#8230;.  We were bushwacked by a few idiots, lead by people outside the state, and we defeated them&#8230;  That&#8217;s the ironic thing.</p>
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		<title>By: Zoot</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/comment-page-1/#comment-26313</link>
		<dc:creator>Zoot</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 29 Dec 2006 02:27:57 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/#comment-26313</guid>
		<description>Well, everyone has cognitive blindspots, I&#039;ll give you that.

But science is a process and not a static thing, and most scientists are aware of that new things can arise that changes the nature of the known. Some don&#039;t but then we can&#039;t expect every person who shows up on this site to have an understanding of epistemology.

Because there are different kinds of knowns belive it or not. If we argue about what is known in _absolute_ terms, we will never get beyond our own self awarness. In absolute terms nothing can be known beyond that something exists that is capable of experiencing that it knows that it exists.

Zen, some kinds of buddhism (and other so called enlightenment teachings) are atheistic &quot;religions&quot; devoted to exploring this fact experientially, and they are surprisingly compatible with skeptisism. They could humoursly be described as methods of being skeptical towards your own existance.

But in practical terms, that will get us nowhere. If I&#039;m hot, I like some ice tea. The absolute nature of my body temperature, or what the essence of ice tea is, removed from all contexts (I.E in the absolute) is really not something that influences my choice of beverage in any way.

So while in absolute terms I can not know that the ice tea exists at all, to function we must move our point of referense into the world that we experience and from that point of reference lots can be known about the ice tea.

This however does not make the god concept any more logical or change the relationship between science and theistic religion, because faith doesn&#039;t carry across the cognitive chasm between the internal and external any better than an observable fact.

What it does do is make it look ridiculus when a person claims that the bible has absolute validity. (Which by extrapolation would mean that the person knows the bibles essential nature through self-reflecting experience, and therefore must infact _be_ the bible)

___
So, while science can not claim absolute knowledge, it can make the claim to have the _best possible_ substantiated knowledge of the natural universe at this particular time. And I can not, even as a holistically inclined skeptic find a reason to doubt that.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Well, everyone has cognitive blindspots, I&#8217;ll give you that.</p>
<p>But science is a process and not a static thing, and most scientists are aware of that new things can arise that changes the nature of the known. Some don&#8217;t but then we can&#8217;t expect every person who shows up on this site to have an understanding of epistemology.</p>
<p>Because there are different kinds of knowns belive it or not. If we argue about what is known in _absolute_ terms, we will never get beyond our own self awarness. In absolute terms nothing can be known beyond that something exists that is capable of experiencing that it knows that it exists.</p>
<p>Zen, some kinds of buddhism (and other so called enlightenment teachings) are atheistic &#8220;religions&#8221; devoted to exploring this fact experientially, and they are surprisingly compatible with skeptisism. They could humoursly be described as methods of being skeptical towards your own existance.</p>
<p>But in practical terms, that will get us nowhere. If I&#8217;m hot, I like some ice tea. The absolute nature of my body temperature, or what the essence of ice tea is, removed from all contexts (I.E in the absolute) is really not something that influences my choice of beverage in any way.</p>
<p>So while in absolute terms I can not know that the ice tea exists at all, to function we must move our point of referense into the world that we experience and from that point of reference lots can be known about the ice tea.</p>
<p>This however does not make the god concept any more logical or change the relationship between science and theistic religion, because faith doesn&#8217;t carry across the cognitive chasm between the internal and external any better than an observable fact.</p>
<p>What it does do is make it look ridiculus when a person claims that the bible has absolute validity. (Which by extrapolation would mean that the person knows the bibles essential nature through self-reflecting experience, and therefore must infact _be_ the bible)</p>
<p>___<br />
So, while science can not claim absolute knowledge, it can make the claim to have the _best possible_ substantiated knowledge of the natural universe at this particular time. And I can not, even as a holistically inclined skeptic find a reason to doubt that.</p>
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		<title>By: I'll Remain Anonymous</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/comment-page-1/#comment-26312</link>
		<dc:creator>I'll Remain Anonymous</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 27 Dec 2006 18:52:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/#comment-26312</guid>
		<description>I love how I&#039;ve been on both sides of these arguments. I used to be a baptists (I can see a large majority of you cringing at the word) and a creationist. But first and foremost I&#039;ve always been a scientist, even above religion. Now I&#039;ll say I don&#039;t know, I am collecting data be it from Kent Hoven (no I don&#039;t worship or believe all he says but he makes some good points) or from sites such as this and science articles. BA you&#039;re comments here are quite often anti-religious as are your other readers&#039; and I&#039;ll just say it for you, you can do that, it&#039;s your blog. But what you all don&#039;t seem to see is that you&#039;re no different from the creationists in your thinking. You all overlook niches in your beliefs in some way whether you wanna admit it or not. None of us want to admit that there is too much that we just don&#039;t know to cling so strongly to one thing. There are flaws in even our most basic of understandings such as gravity (hence theories of dark matter and alternate formulas for gravity) and even the most evident things such as light, we can&#039;t even decide if it&#039;s a particle or a wave which are vastly different (at least from our prospective). When someone insists that the big bang has to be the answer they sound just as ignorant as when someone says God has to be the answer. Think about, theorize, collect data, but don&#039;t let yourselves get caught up thinking you actually know.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I love how I&#8217;ve been on both sides of these arguments. I used to be a baptists (I can see a large majority of you cringing at the word) and a creationist. But first and foremost I&#8217;ve always been a scientist, even above religion. Now I&#8217;ll say I don&#8217;t know, I am collecting data be it from Kent Hoven (no I don&#8217;t worship or believe all he says but he makes some good points) or from sites such as this and science articles. BA you&#8217;re comments here are quite often anti-religious as are your other readers&#8217; and I&#8217;ll just say it for you, you can do that, it&#8217;s your blog. But what you all don&#8217;t seem to see is that you&#8217;re no different from the creationists in your thinking. You all overlook niches in your beliefs in some way whether you wanna admit it or not. None of us want to admit that there is too much that we just don&#8217;t know to cling so strongly to one thing. There are flaws in even our most basic of understandings such as gravity (hence theories of dark matter and alternate formulas for gravity) and even the most evident things such as light, we can&#8217;t even decide if it&#8217;s a particle or a wave which are vastly different (at least from our prospective). When someone insists that the big bang has to be the answer they sound just as ignorant as when someone says God has to be the answer. Think about, theorize, collect data, but don&#8217;t let yourselves get caught up thinking you actually know.</p>
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		<title>By: SCR</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/comment-page-1/#comment-26311</link>
		<dc:creator>SCR</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 27 Dec 2006 16:43:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/#comment-26311</guid>
		<description>Uuurghh, the typos! the typos!

I&#039;d love to edit my post above. But Ican&#039;t so I&#039;m justgoing toswear under my breath about it for a while .. Sigh. ;-)

BA - please can you find  a way of letting us edit these blutzFeed comments posts, please ..</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Uuurghh, the typos! the typos!</p>
<p>I&#8217;d love to edit my post above. But Ican&#8217;t so I&#8217;m justgoing toswear under my breath about it for a while .. Sigh. <img src='http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_wink.gif' alt=';-)' class='wp-smiley' /> </p>
<p>BA &#8211; please can you find  a way of letting us edit these blutzFeed comments posts, please ..</p>
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		<title>By: SCR</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/comment-page-1/#comment-26310</link>
		<dc:creator>SCR</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 27 Dec 2006 16:39:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/#comment-26310</guid>
		<description>Kansas, Amercian Bible Belt, Mid-west, The UnitedStates generally... Like it ornot you&#039;ve got yourselves areputationfor fundamentalist tomfoolery.

So, yes, its ironic as Phil noted.

To change your image will take time - and a lot of kicking the backsides of the morons who&#039;ve given you this bad rap.

Sounds like the good news is you&#039;ve made a start. Bad news though, is there&#039;s still a way to go.

Hopefully, one day you&#039;ll get to the point where your states name  - or your nations won&#039;t instantly conjure up pictures of idiots who believe very silly things.

It may take a while - after all, your country was created by the equivalent of annoying bible-thumpers who were told to sod off by the rest of Europe -and their legacy still shows particularly in regions that are, well, seen as if not actually, less developed, less sophisticated and less cosmopolitian. Still listening to the BA and Sagan and Dawkins and their like is a sign of progress. :-)</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Kansas, Amercian Bible Belt, Mid-west, The UnitedStates generally&#8230; Like it ornot you&#8217;ve got yourselves areputationfor fundamentalist tomfoolery.</p>
<p>So, yes, its ironic as Phil noted.</p>
<p>To change your image will take time &#8211; and a lot of kicking the backsides of the morons who&#8217;ve given you this bad rap.</p>
<p>Sounds like the good news is you&#8217;ve made a start. Bad news though, is there&#8217;s still a way to go.</p>
<p>Hopefully, one day you&#8217;ll get to the point where your states name  &#8211; or your nations won&#8217;t instantly conjure up pictures of idiots who believe very silly things.</p>
<p>It may take a while &#8211; after all, your country was created by the equivalent of annoying bible-thumpers who were told to sod off by the rest of Europe -and their legacy still shows particularly in regions that are, well, seen as if not actually, less developed, less sophisticated and less cosmopolitian. Still listening to the BA and Sagan and Dawkins and their like is a sign of progress. <img src='http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':-)' class='wp-smiley' /> </p>
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		<title>By: Jack Hagerty</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/comment-page-1/#comment-26309</link>
		<dc:creator>Jack Hagerty</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 26 Dec 2006 21:44:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/#comment-26309</guid>
		<description>Oops, I meant &quot;alpha&quot; particles, not &quot;beta&quot; in that post a few back. I really shouldn&#039;t be posting after midnight following a day of making merry :-)

- Jack</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Oops, I meant &#8220;alpha&#8221; particles, not &#8220;beta&#8221; in that post a few back. I really shouldn&#8217;t be posting after midnight following a day of making merry <img src='http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':-)' class='wp-smiley' /> </p>
<p>- Jack</p>
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		<title>By: Henning Makholm</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/comment-page-1/#comment-26308</link>
		<dc:creator>Henning Makholm</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 26 Dec 2006 20:40:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/#comment-26308</guid>
		<description>Excuse me, but what does helium have to do with religion? Sure, it&#039;s stretching it a bit to say that Kansas &quot;produces&quot; helium that has been in the making for a considerably longer time than anything has been called Kansas, but it is a well-established usage of the word &quot;produce&quot; to speak about extracting something from a natural reservoir; people regularly talk about &quot;producing&quot; crude oil, gold or diamonds even when just digging or pumping it out of the ground. Even if one could see a some shred of irony in that, where does the religion-bashing come in?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Excuse me, but what does helium have to do with religion? Sure, it&#8217;s stretching it a bit to say that Kansas &#8220;produces&#8221; helium that has been in the making for a considerably longer time than anything has been called Kansas, but it is a well-established usage of the word &#8220;produce&#8221; to speak about extracting something from a natural reservoir; people regularly talk about &#8220;producing&#8221; crude oil, gold or diamonds even when just digging or pumping it out of the ground. Even if one could see a some shred of irony in that, where does the religion-bashing come in?</p>
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		<title>By: Rift</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/comment-page-1/#comment-26307</link>
		<dc:creator>Rift</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 26 Dec 2006 19:55:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/#comment-26307</guid>
		<description>I&#039;m tired at the Kansas bashing as well.

We have thrown the creationist/ID bums at every turn.  We should be commended not vilify.  And the reacent elections have doen nothing but solidify the pro evolution, pro education, pro sanity stance.  With the Govenor (DEMOCRAT Kathleen Sibelius, stating she would like to change the way the Board of education workd)

Kansas has done EVERYTHIG right.  And every lame brain issue the BOE has tried to froce on us has been written by OUT OF STATE idiots...

PLEASE stop bashing Kansas, when the voters hav voted FOR evolution every single time....</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;m tired at the Kansas bashing as well.</p>
<p>We have thrown the creationist/ID bums at every turn.  We should be commended not vilify.  And the reacent elections have doen nothing but solidify the pro evolution, pro education, pro sanity stance.  With the Govenor (DEMOCRAT Kathleen Sibelius, stating she would like to change the way the Board of education workd)</p>
<p>Kansas has done EVERYTHIG right.  And every lame brain issue the BOE has tried to froce on us has been written by OUT OF STATE idiots&#8230;</p>
<p>PLEASE stop bashing Kansas, when the voters hav voted FOR evolution every single time&#8230;.</p>
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		<title>By: Carnifex</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/comment-page-1/#comment-26306</link>
		<dc:creator>Carnifex</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 26 Dec 2006 11:19:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/#comment-26306</guid>
		<description>Certainly, Mr.Berkeley. Religion is a set of pseudohypothetical statements about supernatural beings and supernatural forces, which, generally, either reward good behaviour or try to lure human beings into the path of evil. In a short form, religion is &quot;mythology meets ethics of human behaviour&quot;. As mythology is a form of human creativity, it can&#039;t be regarded as nothing else but that. There is nothing scientific in mythology. You can&#039;t take it as a basis for ANY and ALL scientific assumptions. Basically, it is, or, rather, was a placeholder for things human race could not explain, and now, as we learn these things, religion must go away, because it doesn&#039;t meet our modern day requirements. And the only way I see religion is useful is its philosophical system (ie the things you get when you delete all the mythological crap out of the Bible or any other holy book for that matter). However, even then it&#039;s not superior to any other philosophical system, e.g. Kant, Camus, Plato, Aristotle, Confucius, you-name-him-or-her.

Religion is just that. Philosophy wrapped in a supernatural coating, which is based on our imagination and has no realistic ground. Or, rather, no ground at all.

Just for the record - I don&#039;t ever regard religious people lesser than me. I just think they&#039;re wrong. And all the stuff I wrote here is actually directed not at the evils of religion, but at its being totally unscientific and therefore inappropriate in science classes or any classes for that matter at all (except philosophy ones).

Best wishes and Merry Christmas. I hope I didn&#039;t insult anyone personally. I&#039;m open to a good-willed discussion.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Certainly, Mr.Berkeley. Religion is a set of pseudohypothetical statements about supernatural beings and supernatural forces, which, generally, either reward good behaviour or try to lure human beings into the path of evil. In a short form, religion is &#8220;mythology meets ethics of human behaviour&#8221;. As mythology is a form of human creativity, it can&#8217;t be regarded as nothing else but that. There is nothing scientific in mythology. You can&#8217;t take it as a basis for ANY and ALL scientific assumptions. Basically, it is, or, rather, was a placeholder for things human race could not explain, and now, as we learn these things, religion must go away, because it doesn&#8217;t meet our modern day requirements. And the only way I see religion is useful is its philosophical system (ie the things you get when you delete all the mythological crap out of the Bible or any other holy book for that matter). However, even then it&#8217;s not superior to any other philosophical system, e.g. Kant, Camus, Plato, Aristotle, Confucius, you-name-him-or-her.</p>
<p>Religion is just that. Philosophy wrapped in a supernatural coating, which is based on our imagination and has no realistic ground. Or, rather, no ground at all.</p>
<p>Just for the record &#8211; I don&#8217;t ever regard religious people lesser than me. I just think they&#8217;re wrong. And all the stuff I wrote here is actually directed not at the evils of religion, but at its being totally unscientific and therefore inappropriate in science classes or any classes for that matter at all (except philosophy ones).</p>
<p>Best wishes and Merry Christmas. I hope I didn&#8217;t insult anyone personally. I&#8217;m open to a good-willed discussion.</p>
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		<title>By: Troy</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/comment-page-1/#comment-26305</link>
		<dc:creator>Troy</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 26 Dec 2006 09:05:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/#comment-26305</guid>
		<description>One thing about Kansas, If I remember correctly after the school board removed evolution from the state assessment requirements they threw the bums out.  School boards don&#039;t get much attention until they start acting wacky.  I think this is a very good feature of the United States republic which favors representative democracy--you let the people do their jobs if they screw up then it is curtains.  It is wrong to blame the entire state.
Actually I do think all the helium in the earth&#039;s crust is leftover alpha particles from radioactive decay, helium is too volatile to remain otherwise as the earth formed.  I think it is possible to exclude big bang helium in certain cases, in particul the isotope helium 3 since radioactive decay produces the helium 4 variety.   (checking a table of istopic abundances I can see there is some helium 3 (0.00014%) so a share of the helium is from the big bang)</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>One thing about Kansas, If I remember correctly after the school board removed evolution from the state assessment requirements they threw the bums out.  School boards don&#8217;t get much attention until they start acting wacky.  I think this is a very good feature of the United States republic which favors representative democracy&#8211;you let the people do their jobs if they screw up then it is curtains.  It is wrong to blame the entire state.<br />
Actually I do think all the helium in the earth&#8217;s crust is leftover alpha particles from radioactive decay, helium is too volatile to remain otherwise as the earth formed.  I think it is possible to exclude big bang helium in certain cases, in particul the isotope helium 3 since radioactive decay produces the helium 4 variety.   (checking a table of istopic abundances I can see there is some helium 3 (0.00014%) so a share of the helium is from the big bang)</p>
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		<title>By: Jack Hagerty</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/comment-page-1/#comment-26304</link>
		<dc:creator>Jack Hagerty</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 26 Dec 2006 08:57:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/#comment-26304</guid>
		<description>Berkeley Says: &quot;Another question: (if you disregard convection) Doesnâ€™t distilling out the helium and shipping it to the rest of the world leave the remaining air heavier, not lighter?&quot;

The helium isn&#039;t &quot;distilled&quot; out of the air (the way, say, nitrogen or oxygen are). It is trapped underground in airtight caverns and interstices (I love that word!) in the crust and is extracted by wells just like natural gas. It is created by nuclear decay processes (I don&#039;t know the exact process, but I&#039;m sure someone here does). Beta radiation is essentially a helium nucleus (two protons and two neutrons) and it just has to grab two electrons from somewhere to create a helium atom.

Any helium that gets into the atmosphere rises to the top where the radiation from the sun and other places energizes the atoms enough to actually leave the Earth completely.

- Jack</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Berkeley Says: &#8220;Another question: (if you disregard convection) Doesnâ€™t distilling out the helium and shipping it to the rest of the world leave the remaining air heavier, not lighter?&#8221;</p>
<p>The helium isn&#8217;t &#8220;distilled&#8221; out of the air (the way, say, nitrogen or oxygen are). It is trapped underground in airtight caverns and interstices (I love that word!) in the crust and is extracted by wells just like natural gas. It is created by nuclear decay processes (I don&#8217;t know the exact process, but I&#8217;m sure someone here does). Beta radiation is essentially a helium nucleus (two protons and two neutrons) and it just has to grab two electrons from somewhere to create a helium atom.</p>
<p>Any helium that gets into the atmosphere rises to the top where the radiation from the sun and other places energizes the atoms enough to actually leave the Earth completely.</p>
<p>- Jack</p>
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		<title>By: Berkeley</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/comment-page-1/#comment-26303</link>
		<dc:creator>Berkeley</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 26 Dec 2006 08:27:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/#comment-26303</guid>
		<description>Another question: (if you disregard convection) Doesn&#039;t distilling out the helium and shipping it to the rest of the world leave the remaining air heavier, not lighter?

To carnifex: What is religion? Could you try to define it? Because I think I would be of another opinion than you however you&#039;d define it, based on the conclusions you draw above.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Another question: (if you disregard convection) Doesn&#8217;t distilling out the helium and shipping it to the rest of the world leave the remaining air heavier, not lighter?</p>
<p>To carnifex: What is religion? Could you try to define it? Because I think I would be of another opinion than you however you&#8217;d define it, based on the conclusions you draw above.</p>
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		<title>By: Carnifex</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/comment-page-1/#comment-26302</link>
		<dc:creator>Carnifex</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 26 Dec 2006 00:32:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/#comment-26302</guid>
		<description>Correct me if I&#039;m wrong, but about a week ago during the physics lecture I heard this:

1) 99.999% of elements with atomic number LESS than that of Iron are produced during the process of thermonuclear [b]synthesis[/b]

2) 99.999% of elements with atomic number BIGGER than that of Iron are produced during the process of nuclear [b]breakdown[/b]

I mean, isn&#039;t helium synthesized from hydrogen? If so, then there is a slight mistake in this passage: [i]Second, understand that most of the helium on Earth comes from a) the breakdown of radioactive nuclei; a process which takes tens of thousands to millions and even billions of years, and b) the Big Bang, 13.7 billion years ago.[/i]

Of course, that&#039;s just being picky. Nicely written, as always.

To Mr. Conkling:

I think you&#039;re mixing up religion and faith. Faith is essential to every human being because that&#039;s the force that keeps us going. Faith is not related to religion nor to science. Neither is ethics. Actually, faith is more related to philosophy than religion.

Religion is an utterly wrong collection of utterly wrong statements that are based upon human imagination and have no ground in REALITY. Religion doesn&#039;t prove anything. Religion doesn&#039;t suggest anything. Religion doesn&#039;t MEAN anything.

In other words, I would agree that Christian philosophy is good. However, Christian religion is an utter nonsense. If it DOES achieve anything, it&#039;s making people blind to the reality. It makes people count on nonsensical extraterrestrial (or should it be extrauniversal?) powers when everything depends on them. It makes people assume stupidest things without any basis. What is worst of all, it makes people EASY TO MANIPULATE, because they lose the ability to recognize truth from lies and reality from fiction. I assume this aspect is very well known to those, who are especially keen to get this religious antiscientific nonsensical crap into science classes...</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Correct me if I&#8217;m wrong, but about a week ago during the physics lecture I heard this:</p>
<p>1) 99.999% of elements with atomic number LESS than that of Iron are produced during the process of thermonuclear [b]synthesis[/b]</p>
<p>2) 99.999% of elements with atomic number BIGGER than that of Iron are produced during the process of nuclear [b]breakdown[/b]</p>
<p>I mean, isn&#8217;t helium synthesized from hydrogen? If so, then there is a slight mistake in this passage: [i]Second, understand that most of the helium on Earth comes from a) the breakdown of radioactive nuclei; a process which takes tens of thousands to millions and even billions of years, and b) the Big Bang, 13.7 billion years ago.[/i]</p>
<p>Of course, that&#8217;s just being picky. Nicely written, as always.</p>
<p>To Mr. Conkling:</p>
<p>I think you&#8217;re mixing up religion and faith. Faith is essential to every human being because that&#8217;s the force that keeps us going. Faith is not related to religion nor to science. Neither is ethics. Actually, faith is more related to philosophy than religion.</p>
<p>Religion is an utterly wrong collection of utterly wrong statements that are based upon human imagination and have no ground in REALITY. Religion doesn&#8217;t prove anything. Religion doesn&#8217;t suggest anything. Religion doesn&#8217;t MEAN anything.</p>
<p>In other words, I would agree that Christian philosophy is good. However, Christian religion is an utter nonsense. If it DOES achieve anything, it&#8217;s making people blind to the reality. It makes people count on nonsensical extraterrestrial (or should it be extrauniversal?) powers when everything depends on them. It makes people assume stupidest things without any basis. What is worst of all, it makes people EASY TO MANIPULATE, because they lose the ability to recognize truth from lies and reality from fiction. I assume this aspect is very well known to those, who are especially keen to get this religious antiscientific nonsensical crap into science classes&#8230;</p>
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		<title>By: Zoot</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/comment-page-1/#comment-26301</link>
		<dc:creator>Zoot</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 25 Dec 2006 23:18:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/#comment-26301</guid>
		<description>When Cthulu awakens He will eat the flying spaghetti monster, and not a pirate in the world can stop him.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>When Cthulu awakens He will eat the flying spaghetti monster, and not a pirate in the world can stop him.</p>
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		<title>By: spacewriter</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/comment-page-1/#comment-26300</link>
		<dc:creator>spacewriter</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 25 Dec 2006 21:43:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/#comment-26300</guid>
		<description>RAmen!

;)</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>RAmen!<br />
 <img src='http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_wink.gif' alt=';)' class='wp-smiley' /> </p>
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		<title>By: cousin it</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/comment-page-1/#comment-26299</link>
		<dc:creator>cousin it</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 25 Dec 2006 20:57:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/#comment-26299</guid>
		<description>Pastafarians know that his Holy Noodlyness created the Universe and all within.   RAmen</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Pastafarians know that his Holy Noodlyness created the Universe and all within.   RAmen</p>
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		<title>By: Gary Ansorge</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/comment-page-1/#comment-26298</link>
		<dc:creator>Gary Ansorge</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 25 Dec 2006 19:55:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/#comment-26298</guid>
		<description>Here&#039;s a link to a video of Richard Dawkins speaking on the queerness of quantum mechanics. Fascinating,,,


http://onegoodmove.org/1gm/1gmarchive/2006/12/richard_dawkins_7.html

Gary 7</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Here&#8217;s a link to a video of Richard Dawkins speaking on the queerness of quantum mechanics. Fascinating,,,</p>
<p><a href="http://onegoodmove.org/1gm/1gmarchive/2006/12/richard_dawkins_7.html" rel="nofollow">http://onegoodmove.org/1gm/1gmarchive/2006/12/richard_dawkins_7.html</a></p>
<p>Gary 7</p>
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		<title>By: Gary Ansorge</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/comment-page-1/#comment-26297</link>
		<dc:creator>Gary Ansorge</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 25 Dec 2006 19:29:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/#comment-26297</guid>
		<description>Just a slight addendum. Check out the link, pertaining to the Myth of the Roman god Mythrus(Sp?).
It&#039;s way too appropriate,,,

http://onegoodmove.org/1gm/1gmarchive/2006/12/merry_mithras.html

Gary 7</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Just a slight addendum. Check out the link, pertaining to the Myth of the Roman god Mythrus(Sp?).<br />
It&#8217;s way too appropriate,,,</p>
<p><a href="http://onegoodmove.org/1gm/1gmarchive/2006/12/merry_mithras.html" rel="nofollow">http://onegoodmove.org/1gm/1gmarchive/2006/12/merry_mithras.html</a></p>
<p>Gary 7</p>
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		<title>By: spacewriter</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/comment-page-1/#comment-26296</link>
		<dc:creator>spacewriter</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 25 Dec 2006 19:17:47 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/#comment-26296</guid>
		<description>interesting thoughts!

I think we ought to just recognize the irony that Phil wanted us to recognize, and not get bound up in the details.

Sometimes a cigar is just a cigar.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>interesting thoughts!</p>
<p>I think we ought to just recognize the irony that Phil wanted us to recognize, and not get bound up in the details.</p>
<p>Sometimes a cigar is just a cigar.</p>
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		<title>By: Gary Ansorge</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/comment-page-1/#comment-26295</link>
		<dc:creator>Gary Ansorge</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 25 Dec 2006 19:06:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/#comment-26295</guid>
		<description>Mythology is one Way to rationalize the Why of our existance.

Science is our only useful Way of understanding the How of our existence.

Mythology assumes there is a Reason for our being,,,such an assumption may be totally unwarrented.
We wish to believe we are special, deserving of this ability to understand. Therefore, there must be some ONE who defines this reason,,,
Perhaps the only One who can make such a case, is the one asking the question.

One cannot bash a geographical area(Kansas, Penn, etc.). We can however, bash those few individuals who are intent upon shoving their opinions down our throats. Resistance to dogma has been the hallmark of progress since our beginning as an introspective species. Hopefully, that resistance will continue into the indefinite future.

As we continue our progress into that indefinite future, we may find, we ARE the ONE that defines our reason for being. It is likely there is NO singular intelligence directing everything but our belief in the possibility of such gave us a direction to go. That may be the only real value of any religion,,,

Happy holidaze to all and to all a good night,,,

Peace,

GAry 7</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Mythology is one Way to rationalize the Why of our existance.</p>
<p>Science is our only useful Way of understanding the How of our existence.</p>
<p>Mythology assumes there is a Reason for our being,,,such an assumption may be totally unwarrented.<br />
We wish to believe we are special, deserving of this ability to understand. Therefore, there must be some ONE who defines this reason,,,<br />
Perhaps the only One who can make such a case, is the one asking the question.</p>
<p>One cannot bash a geographical area(Kansas, Penn, etc.). We can however, bash those few individuals who are intent upon shoving their opinions down our throats. Resistance to dogma has been the hallmark of progress since our beginning as an introspective species. Hopefully, that resistance will continue into the indefinite future.</p>
<p>As we continue our progress into that indefinite future, we may find, we ARE the ONE that defines our reason for being. It is likely there is NO singular intelligence directing everything but our belief in the possibility of such gave us a direction to go. That may be the only real value of any religion,,,</p>
<p>Happy holidaze to all and to all a good night,,,</p>
<p>Peace,</p>
<p>GAry 7</p>
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		<title>By: space</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/comment-page-1/#comment-26294</link>
		<dc:creator>space</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 25 Dec 2006 19:04:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/#comment-26294</guid>
		<description>Oh, and for the record, just as I defend others&#039; rights to believe what they wish, I also expect all others to respect differening opinions, even if said opinions happen to be getting too close to the oxen for comfort.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Oh, and for the record, just as I defend others&#8217; rights to believe what they wish, I also expect all others to respect differening opinions, even if said opinions happen to be getting too close to the oxen for comfort.</p>
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		<title>By: spacewriter</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/comment-page-1/#comment-26293</link>
		<dc:creator>spacewriter</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 25 Dec 2006 19:03:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/#comment-26293</guid>
		<description>Oxen being gored are never comfortable. If this is the kind of reaction a mild-mannered post by BA gets from those who would defend religion, I&#039;d wonder what they do when there&#039;s a  REAL attack on their religious beliefs?

This was no attack. It was an observation of irony.  There&#039;s an unsubtle difference. I invite those who see &quot;attacks&quot; behind every display or irony or disagreement to learn the difference.

What the Enlightened Squid and other said (or hinted at) about the overweening tendencies of religious whack-jobs: word.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Oxen being gored are never comfortable. If this is the kind of reaction a mild-mannered post by BA gets from those who would defend religion, I&#8217;d wonder what they do when there&#8217;s a  REAL attack on their religious beliefs?</p>
<p>This was no attack. It was an observation of irony.  There&#8217;s an unsubtle difference. I invite those who see &#8220;attacks&#8221; behind every display or irony or disagreement to learn the difference.</p>
<p>What the Enlightened Squid and other said (or hinted at) about the overweening tendencies of religious whack-jobs: word.</p>
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		<title>By: Brian</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/comment-page-1/#comment-26292</link>
		<dc:creator>Brian</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 25 Dec 2006 18:23:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2006/12/24/kansas-is-full-of-light-air/#comment-26292</guid>
		<description>As a graduate of the doctoral program in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at the University of Kansas, I find this type of Kansas bashing troubling. Yes, there are lots of fundamentalist wackos in Kansas. But remember that the Discovery Institute is in Seattle, ICR is in southern California, Dover is in PA, Carl Baugh is in Texas, Ken Hamm is in Kentucky, and Hovind is in Florida. Look in your own backyward before trashing Kansas. The real irony is that Kansas is home to one of the greatest research centers in evolution and paleontology.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As a graduate of the doctoral program in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at the University of Kansas, I find this type of Kansas bashing troubling. Yes, there are lots of fundamentalist wackos in Kansas. But remember that the Discovery Institute is in Seattle, ICR is in southern California, Dover is in PA, Carl Baugh is in Texas, Ken Hamm is in Kentucky, and Hovind is in Florida. Look in your own backyward before trashing Kansas. The real irony is that Kansas is home to one of the greatest research centers in evolution and paleontology.</p>
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