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	<title>Comments on: Now that&#8217;s a hard drive!</title>
	<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2008/05/06/now-thats-a-hard-drive/</link>
	<description>I am an astronomer, writer, and skeptic. I likes reality the way it is, and I aims to keep it that way. My real name is Phil Plait, and I run the Bad Astronomy blog.</description>
	<pubDate>Sun, 05 Jul 2009 04:52:00 +0000</pubDate>
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		<title>By: Jim Shaver</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2008/05/06/now-thats-a-hard-drive/#comment-86809</link>
		<dc:creator>Jim Shaver</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 12 May 2008 16:16:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2008/05/06/now-thats-a-hard-drive/#comment-86809</guid>
		<description>This information may be late in coming, but here it is nevertheless.  The hard drive in question was a Seagate model ST9385AG.  This is a 2.5-inch, 340MB, 4000 rpm drive, also called the Marathon 340.

Here's a link to Seagate's web page, which includes specs and a product manual.  (If the link doesn't work, just go to www.seagate.com and enter the model number.)

http://www.seagate.com/ww/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=4b925a802efbd010VgnVCM100000dd04090aRCRD&#38;locale=en-US&#38;reqPage=Legacy

Also, here's a COMPUTERWORLD site with better pictures of the recovered drive:

http://www.computerworld.com/action/article.do?command=viewArticleBasic&#38;articleId=9083478</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This information may be late in coming, but here it is nevertheless.  The hard drive in question was a Seagate model ST9385AG.  This is a 2.5-inch, 340MB, 4000 rpm drive, also called the Marathon 340.</p>
<p>Here&#8217;s a link to Seagate&#8217;s web page, which includes specs and a product manual.  (If the link doesn&#8217;t work, just go to <a href="http://www.seagate.com" rel="nofollow">www.seagate.com</a> and enter the model number.)</p>
<p><a href="http://www.seagate.com/ww/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=4b925a802efbd010VgnVCM100000dd04090aRCRD&amp;locale=en-US&amp;reqPage=Legacy" rel="nofollow">http://www.seagate.com/ww/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=4b925a802efbd010VgnVCM100000dd04090aRCRD&amp;locale=en-US&amp;reqPage=Legacy</a></p>
<p>Also, here&#8217;s a COMPUTERWORLD site with better pictures of the recovered drive:</p>
<p><a href="http://www.computerworld.com/action/article.do?command=viewArticleBasic&amp;articleId=9083478" rel="nofollow">http://www.computerworld.com/action/article.do?command=viewArticleBasic&amp;articleId=9083478</a></p>
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		<title>By: Torbjörn Larsson, OM</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2008/05/06/now-thats-a-hard-drive/#comment-86808</link>
		<dc:creator>Torbjörn Larsson, OM</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 07 May 2008 22:13:59 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2008/05/06/now-thats-a-hard-drive/#comment-86808</guid>
		<description>&lt;blockquote&gt;
The ISS was effectively dead when they cut the crew from seven to three.
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

That is my impression too. First they starved the SST so that it became a nonmilitary-[military] expensive compromise, then they starved the ISS so it became a nonscience-[science] expensive compromise.

Wanna bet they starved the Orion so it became an orbit-[Moon] expensive compromise?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>
The ISS was effectively dead when they cut the crew from seven to three.
</p></blockquote>
<p>That is my impression too. First they starved the SST so that it became a nonmilitary-[military] expensive compromise, then they starved the ISS so it became a nonscience-[science] expensive compromise.</p>
<p>Wanna bet they starved the Orion so it became an orbit-[Moon] expensive compromise?</p>
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		<title>By: Timothy</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2008/05/06/now-thats-a-hard-drive/#comment-86807</link>
		<dc:creator>Timothy</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 07 May 2008 19:14:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2008/05/06/now-thats-a-hard-drive/#comment-86807</guid>
		<description>"I would have thought NASA, being aware that hard-drives can fail if you sneeze on them too hard, would have used solid-state drives"

In cases like this, it's very easy to second-guess the designers' choices, since  the design requirements are not apparent. There are dozens, if not hundreds, of factors that go into the choices of a particular component for space-flight instrumentation.

A likely scenario is that there were few changes between CVX-2 and CVX, flown in 1997 (which meant the design was finalized several years earlier). The maturity of HD technology over commercially available and cheap solid state drives, including rad-hard qualification was likely a driving factor.

In addition, pointing a chiding finger at NASA for what they (the big monolithic THEY) should have done is flat-out wrong. NASA didn't build the experiment. While funded by NASA LeRC, the design specifics were the responsibility of the PI and whatever subcontractors were tapped to build the experiment.

I worked on an extremely similar experiment that flew twice on Columbia (STS-62 and STS-75). There are tens of thousands of decisions that are made during the course of the years of design. Without insight into those years of work, it's really unfair to criticize.

On a personal note, one of the things I cherish from those two Columbia flights are the mission patches I have that flew on the orbiter along with the experiments during those flights.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;I would have thought NASA, being aware that hard-drives can fail if you sneeze on them too hard, would have used solid-state drives&#8221;</p>
<p>In cases like this, it&#8217;s very easy to second-guess the designers&#8217; choices, since  the design requirements are not apparent. There are dozens, if not hundreds, of factors that go into the choices of a particular component for space-flight instrumentation.</p>
<p>A likely scenario is that there were few changes between CVX-2 and CVX, flown in 1997 (which meant the design was finalized several years earlier). The maturity of HD technology over commercially available and cheap solid state drives, including rad-hard qualification was likely a driving factor.</p>
<p>In addition, pointing a chiding finger at NASA for what they (the big monolithic THEY) should have done is flat-out wrong. NASA didn&#8217;t build the experiment. While funded by NASA LeRC, the design specifics were the responsibility of the PI and whatever subcontractors were tapped to build the experiment.</p>
<p>I worked on an extremely similar experiment that flew twice on Columbia (STS-62 and STS-75). There are tens of thousands of decisions that are made during the course of the years of design. Without insight into those years of work, it&#8217;s really unfair to criticize.</p>
<p>On a personal note, one of the things I cherish from those two Columbia flights are the mission patches I have that flew on the orbiter along with the experiments during those flights.</p>
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		<title>By: David</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2008/05/06/now-thats-a-hard-drive/#comment-86806</link>
		<dc:creator>David</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 07 May 2008 16:59:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2008/05/06/now-thats-a-hard-drive/#comment-86806</guid>
		<description>I would have thought NASA, being aware that hard-drives can fail if you sneeze on them too hard, would have used solid-state drives.....a big USB pen-drive if you will....I have a couple of 75Gb versions not much bigger than a cigarette pack.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I would have thought NASA, being aware that hard-drives can fail if you sneeze on them too hard, would have used solid-state drives&#8230;..a big USB pen-drive if you will&#8230;.I have a couple of 75Gb versions not much bigger than a cigarette pack.</p>
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		<title>By: David D.G.</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2008/05/06/now-thats-a-hard-drive/#comment-86805</link>
		<dc:creator>David D.G.</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 07 May 2008 16:11:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2008/05/06/now-thats-a-hard-drive/#comment-86805</guid>
		<description>Too bad the shuttle wasn't made of the same stuff as that hard drive.


~David D.G.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Too bad the shuttle wasn&#8217;t made of the same stuff as that hard drive.</p>
<p>~David D.G.</p>
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		<title>By: Doc</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2008/05/06/now-thats-a-hard-drive/#comment-86804</link>
		<dc:creator>Doc</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 07 May 2008 15:17:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2008/05/06/now-thats-a-hard-drive/#comment-86804</guid>
		<description>A friend of mine had an biology experiment on that mission that involved a canister of worms (C. elegans).  The canister was found (more or less) intact, and the worms survived.  There has been some (squelched) discussion at NASA that the crew of the Columbia might have also survived if the shuttle cabin had been designed with impact and emergency escape in mind.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A friend of mine had an biology experiment on that mission that involved a canister of worms (C. elegans).  The canister was found (more or less) intact, and the worms survived.  There has been some (squelched) discussion at NASA that the crew of the Columbia might have also survived if the shuttle cabin had been designed with impact and emergency escape in mind.</p>
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		<title>By: Gavin Mendeck</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2008/05/06/now-thats-a-hard-drive/#comment-86803</link>
		<dc:creator>Gavin Mendeck</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 07 May 2008 15:00:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2008/05/06/now-thats-a-hard-drive/#comment-86803</guid>
		<description>A lot of surprising things survived the Columbia breakup.  These surprises occurred because the shuttle held together as long as she did and had slowed down to Mach 16.  There was some heating of the debris, as you may remember from the news videos, but most of the debris was subjected to severe aerodynamic (i.e., wind) forces during the high-speed breakup.

If Columbia had broken apart five minutes earlier when she was at Mach 20, there would have been much less surviving debris because the higher speed would have meant much greater heating of the debris.  Heat rate is a function of speed to the third power, so Mach 16 experiences about half of the heating of Mach 20.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A lot of surprising things survived the Columbia breakup.  These surprises occurred because the shuttle held together as long as she did and had slowed down to Mach 16.  There was some heating of the debris, as you may remember from the news videos, but most of the debris was subjected to severe aerodynamic (i.e., wind) forces during the high-speed breakup.</p>
<p>If Columbia had broken apart five minutes earlier when she was at Mach 20, there would have been much less surviving debris because the higher speed would have meant much greater heating of the debris.  Heat rate is a function of speed to the third power, so Mach 16 experiences about half of the heating of Mach 20.</p>
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