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	<title>Comments on: Oh great. Now we have lightning equipped with lasers.</title>
	<atom:link href="http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/</link>
	<description>I am an astronomer, writer, and skeptic. I likes reality the way it is, and I aims to keep it that way. My real name is Phil Plait, and I run the Bad Astronomy blog.</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Fri, 25 May 2012 04:31:24 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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		<title>By: JMW</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/comment-page-1/#comment-415670</link>
		<dc:creator>JMW</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 09 Sep 2011 16:36:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/?p=37136#comment-415670</guid>
		<description>One of my favourite product warning messages, in the user manual for a laser pointer:

Do not point laser at remaining eye.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>One of my favourite product warning messages, in the user manual for a laser pointer:</p>
<p>Do not point laser at remaining eye.</p>
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		<title>By: Nigel Depledge</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/comment-page-1/#comment-415042</link>
		<dc:creator>Nigel Depledge</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 08 Sep 2011 08:39:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/?p=37136#comment-415042</guid>
		<description>Oh, yeah and:

Wow!  That pic is so freakin&#039; cool!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Oh, yeah and:</p>
<p>Wow!  That pic is so freakin&#8217; cool!</p>
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		<title>By: Nigel Depledge</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/comment-page-1/#comment-415041</link>
		<dc:creator>Nigel Depledge</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 08 Sep 2011 08:39:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/?p=37136#comment-415041</guid>
		<description>Mike Burkhart (44) said:
&lt;blockquote&gt;These are two diferent types of energy:the laser is light energy the lightning is electricity .Now the laws of Physics say that energy can be changed from one form to another ,but not like this. You could use a laser to heat water and use the steem to power an generator that turns light energy to heat energy to electricity.&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Well, this is right, as far as it goes, but if you go a bit more fundamentally, light and electricity are both phenomena of the electromagnetic force.

A sufficiently powerful laser will ionise the air through which it passes, creating a line of plasma (well, strictly speaking it&#039;s only a plasma if &lt;i&gt;all&lt;/i&gt; the electrons are stripped off the atoms, but air only needs a few electrons to be knocked loose to suddenly become a much better conductor).  If the clouds have built up some electrical charge (as happens in thunderstorms), then the laser will indeed trigger lightning, as the charge in the cloud suddenly encounters a low-resistance path to Earth.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Mike Burkhart (44) said:</p>
<blockquote><p>These are two diferent types of energy:the laser is light energy the lightning is electricity .Now the laws of Physics say that energy can be changed from one form to another ,but not like this. You could use a laser to heat water and use the steem to power an generator that turns light energy to heat energy to electricity.</p></blockquote>
<p>Well, this is right, as far as it goes, but if you go a bit more fundamentally, light and electricity are both phenomena of the electromagnetic force.</p>
<p>A sufficiently powerful laser will ionise the air through which it passes, creating a line of plasma (well, strictly speaking it&#8217;s only a plasma if <i>all</i> the electrons are stripped off the atoms, but air only needs a few electrons to be knocked loose to suddenly become a much better conductor).  If the clouds have built up some electrical charge (as happens in thunderstorms), then the laser will indeed trigger lightning, as the charge in the cloud suddenly encounters a low-resistance path to Earth.</p>
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		<title>By: Rachel D.</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/comment-page-1/#comment-414927</link>
		<dc:creator>Rachel D.</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 08 Sep 2011 02:09:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/?p=37136#comment-414927</guid>
		<description>ESOCast had a great little video detailing the laser system.  Dr. J isn&#039;t as awesome as Dr. Plait though....but I may be a tad biased in my opinion....</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>ESOCast had a great little video detailing the laser system.  Dr. J isn&#8217;t as awesome as Dr. Plait though&#8230;.but I may be a tad biased in my opinion&#8230;.</p>
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		<title>By: mike burkhart</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/comment-page-1/#comment-414876</link>
		<dc:creator>mike burkhart</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 07 Sep 2011 23:44:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/?p=37136#comment-414876</guid>
		<description>These are two diferent types of energy:the laser is light energy the lightning is electricity .Now the laws of Physics say that energy can be changed from one form to another ,but not like this. You could use a laser to heat water and use the steem to power an generator that turns light energy to heat energy to electricity.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>These are two diferent types of energy:the laser is light energy the lightning is electricity .Now the laws of Physics say that energy can be changed from one form to another ,but not like this. You could use a laser to heat water and use the steem to power an generator that turns light energy to heat energy to electricity.</p>
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		<title>By: MadSciKat =^..^=</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/comment-page-1/#comment-414846</link>
		<dc:creator>MadSciKat =^..^=</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 07 Sep 2011 22:44:09 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/?p=37136#comment-414846</guid>
		<description>&quot;Megalaser versus Superlightning&quot; w00000000+! Checking TVGuide listings now…</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;Megalaser versus Superlightning&#8221; w00000000+! Checking TVGuide listings now…</p>
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		<title>By: lythander</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/comment-page-1/#comment-414630</link>
		<dc:creator>lythander</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 07 Sep 2011 11:13:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/?p=37136#comment-414630</guid>
		<description>Seriously, spend a bit of time googling LIPC (laser-induced plasma channel) weapons.  Very scary.  Also, read DAEMON by Daniel Suarez, where these weapons make an appearance.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Seriously, spend a bit of time googling LIPC (laser-induced plasma channel) weapons.  Very scary.  Also, read DAEMON by Daniel Suarez, where these weapons make an appearance.</p>
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		<title>By: Big Atheist</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/comment-page-1/#comment-414483</link>
		<dc:creator>Big Atheist</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 07 Sep 2011 00:21:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/?p=37136#comment-414483</guid>
		<description>How long before we see a headline &quot;Secret government program creates lighting with lasers&quot;. I bet they will attribute it to china. Tell Snopes to be ready.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>How long before we see a headline &#8220;Secret government program creates lighting with lasers&#8221;. I bet they will attribute it to china. Tell Snopes to be ready.</p>
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		<title>By: Big Atheist</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/comment-page-1/#comment-414482</link>
		<dc:creator>Big Atheist</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 07 Sep 2011 00:19:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/?p=37136#comment-414482</guid>
		<description>How long before we see a headline &quot;Secret government program creates lighting with lasers&quot;. I bet they will attribute it to china. Tell Snopes to be ready.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>How long before we see a headline &#8220;Secret government program creates lighting with lasers&#8221;. I bet they will attribute it to china. Tell Snopes to be ready.</p>
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		<title>By: Blake</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/comment-page-1/#comment-414399</link>
		<dc:creator>Blake</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 06 Sep 2011 20:57:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/?p=37136#comment-414399</guid>
		<description>I would also like to amend the comments of Dr. J above, and say that if you&#039;re still worried about 20 watt laser guide stars, consider the average light show at you local concert. Beam irradiance, and not merely total power, is everything. Typically these shows use bright green doubled YAG lasers at 532nm emitting sometimes more than 50 watts in a thin, few-mm diameter beam. Now, the divergence of a beam like this is considerable, as the emission apertures are very small, but they present at least as much of a hazard to pilots as LGSs. There are reports of  pilot eye injuries from these kinds of shows which are of varying but usually mild, temporary severity.

And this is to say nothing of the fact that some light show presenters SCAN THE CROWD with multi-tens of watt beams of this sort, such as here: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qus9rv2V2fg

The eye injury reports from concertgoers at these sorts of events are somehow shockingly rare, given the number of people exposed every year. Still, I absolutely do not trust my eyes to some nobody who runs light shows on the weekends for spare change, and would leave any establishment where audience scanning was occurring without a second thought. IMMEDIATELY.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I would also like to amend the comments of Dr. J above, and say that if you&#8217;re still worried about 20 watt laser guide stars, consider the average light show at you local concert. Beam irradiance, and not merely total power, is everything. Typically these shows use bright green doubled YAG lasers at 532nm emitting sometimes more than 50 watts in a thin, few-mm diameter beam. Now, the divergence of a beam like this is considerable, as the emission apertures are very small, but they present at least as much of a hazard to pilots as LGSs. There are reports of  pilot eye injuries from these kinds of shows which are of varying but usually mild, temporary severity.</p>
<p>And this is to say nothing of the fact that some light show presenters SCAN THE CROWD with multi-tens of watt beams of this sort, such as here: <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qus9rv2V2fg" rel="nofollow">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qus9rv2V2fg</a></p>
<p>The eye injury reports from concertgoers at these sorts of events are somehow shockingly rare, given the number of people exposed every year. Still, I absolutely do not trust my eyes to some nobody who runs light shows on the weekends for spare change, and would leave any establishment where audience scanning was occurring without a second thought. IMMEDIATELY.</p>
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		<title>By: Wzrd1</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/comment-page-1/#comment-414395</link>
		<dc:creator>Wzrd1</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 06 Sep 2011 20:51:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/?p=37136#comment-414395</guid>
		<description>@35, Dr J, I don&#039;t know. If one held the beam a lens for one of the aircraft beacon lights for a few seconds, it might deform a bit.  :)
Of course, you&#039;d also be slewing the telescope and ludicrous and destructive speeds.
It&#039;d probably make it to plaid...</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@35, Dr J, I don&#8217;t know. If one held the beam a lens for one of the aircraft beacon lights for a few seconds, it might deform a bit.  <img src='http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':)' class='wp-smiley' /><br />
Of course, you&#8217;d also be slewing the telescope and ludicrous and destructive speeds.<br />
It&#8217;d probably make it to plaid&#8230;</p>
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		<title>By: Dr J</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/comment-page-1/#comment-414379</link>
		<dc:creator>Dr J</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 06 Sep 2011 20:20:59 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/?p=37136#comment-414379</guid>
		<description>@Phil and others: Regarding the potential damage this laser could do it seems to me that you are missing an important point: It&#039;s not so much the *total* power of the laser that counts but the energy *density*. The laser in the picture is launched by a ~30 cm telescope and so the laser&#039;s energy is distributed across a 30cm wide beam. That&#039;s why it&#039;s not dangerous. Like I said above, you can stick your hand in it - I know, cos I did. If the same laser is concentrated into a much narrower beam of, say, a couple of mm across (as in a laser pointer) then this would be a very dangerous device.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@Phil and others: Regarding the potential damage this laser could do it seems to me that you are missing an important point: It&#8217;s not so much the *total* power of the laser that counts but the energy *density*. The laser in the picture is launched by a ~30 cm telescope and so the laser&#8217;s energy is distributed across a 30cm wide beam. That&#8217;s why it&#8217;s not dangerous. Like I said above, you can stick your hand in it &#8211; I know, cos I did. If the same laser is concentrated into a much narrower beam of, say, a couple of mm across (as in a laser pointer) then this would be a very dangerous device.</p>
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		<title>By: Joseph G</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/comment-page-1/#comment-414373</link>
		<dc:creator>Joseph G</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 06 Sep 2011 20:06:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/?p=37136#comment-414373</guid>
		<description>You think Phil&#039;s laser pointer is dangerous - there&#039;s a laser pointer site I just found selling a 1300mW laser pointer that they boast can light cigarettes. 

The scary thing is, that same page where you can purchase this thing has absolutely no warnings on it (other then &quot;laser stings bare skin,&quot; which is up there with features rather then a warning).
It&#039;s clearly marketed as a laser pointer (&quot;for teachers, doctors, professors, etc&quot;) that is &quot;easier then pointing with your hands&quot;.  Oh, there&#039;s also a close- up of the laser with a caption &quot;laser comes out here&quot;.  I s**t you not. 

I think I&#039;m going to get some laser-protective goggles and wear them in public all the time, just in case.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>You think Phil&#8217;s laser pointer is dangerous &#8211; there&#8217;s a laser pointer site I just found selling a 1300mW laser pointer that they boast can light cigarettes. </p>
<p>The scary thing is, that same page where you can purchase this thing has absolutely no warnings on it (other then &#8220;laser stings bare skin,&#8221; which is up there with features rather then a warning).<br />
It&#8217;s clearly marketed as a laser pointer (&#8220;for teachers, doctors, professors, etc&#8221;) that is &#8220;easier then pointing with your hands&#8221;.  Oh, there&#8217;s also a close- up of the laser with a caption &#8220;laser comes out here&#8221;.  I s**t you not. </p>
<p>I think I&#8217;m going to get some laser-protective goggles and wear them in public all the time, just in case.</p>
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		<title>By: Blake</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/comment-page-1/#comment-414370</link>
		<dc:creator>Blake</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 06 Sep 2011 20:03:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/?p=37136#comment-414370</guid>
		<description>Well, I think Dr. Plait has received more than ample rebuke for the plane damage comment (it&#039;s nearly inconceivable that a mere 20W laser could physically damage a plane at a distance), but I will go a step further and say that there isn&#039;t even any appreciable eyesight risk to pilots from these laser guide stars. 

Let&#039;s take a 20W (this seems to be a typical power for such things) laser guide star operating at the sodium doublet wavelength of ~589 nm (the yellow color you see in street lamps) as an example. Usually the laser is launched not in a pencil-lead thin beam as you see from a laser pointer, but from a telescope of several tens of cm aperture, let&#039;s use 30 cm as an example. Now, the beam area of such a laser is going to be ~700 cm^2, giving the intensity at any one point inside the beam of a mere 29 milliwatts per square cm. Add to this fact that a dark-adapted, dilated pupil has an aperture area of only half a cm (~8mm dia), and neglecting path losses which it must be said are likely non-trivial, the absolute maximum amount of power that can reach the retina is now down to 15 milliwatts. Three times the power output of a typical 5 milliwatt laser pointer. 

Add to all of this that laser guide stars are fixed to point at one spot on the sky (sky motion is trivial and can surely be neglected) and the speed of the plane must be at least, say 100 mph (4,500 cm/s), and the pilot in a plane unfortunate enough to fly through the beam while staring directly into it will have a maximum retinal exposure time of a whopping 7 milliseconds! 

The amount of energy that can be deposited on a person&#039;s retina in that amount of time at that power level, is simply trivial. At most, the pilot will experience a quick flash blindness of the kind you get after seeing a camera flash go off and the effects will almost certainly fade within a very short period of time. Beams of this intensity, used for this purpose, are complete non-hazards for both plane structural integrity and pilot eyesight.

However, I&#039;m not sure if Phil is aware of it, but &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com/search?ds=n&amp;pq=laser+triggered+lightning&amp;hl=en&amp;cp=16&amp;gs_id=13&amp;xhr=t&amp;q=laser%20triggered%20lightning&amp;qe=bGFzZXIgdHJpZ2dlcmVkIGxpZ2h0bmluZw&amp;qesig=cTaGNX_FyNgTtY5uWE-7tA&amp;pkc=AFgZ2tkw3c3YmfD5er0C-lZlrMWXJ95oqdVZwv7toWACe14f7Xr83xjmVZYLoIB07Y_P-puKCHPzeuen1I8CD5s70-HYSOQaDQ&amp;client=firefox-a&amp;rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&amp;gs_sm=&amp;gs_upl=&amp;um=1&amp;biw=1600&amp;bih=1019&amp;bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.&amp;ie=UTF-8&amp;sa=N&amp;tab=iw&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;there ARE LASERS that are used to trigger lightning&lt;/a&gt; (with varying levels of success) which were recently in the news. These lasers are MOST DEFINITELY NOT eye safe by any means, being pulsed lasers in the TRILLIONS of watts range sufficient to ionize air.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Well, I think Dr. Plait has received more than ample rebuke for the plane damage comment (it&#8217;s nearly inconceivable that a mere 20W laser could physically damage a plane at a distance), but I will go a step further and say that there isn&#8217;t even any appreciable eyesight risk to pilots from these laser guide stars. </p>
<p>Let&#8217;s take a 20W (this seems to be a typical power for such things) laser guide star operating at the sodium doublet wavelength of ~589 nm (the yellow color you see in street lamps) as an example. Usually the laser is launched not in a pencil-lead thin beam as you see from a laser pointer, but from a telescope of several tens of cm aperture, let&#8217;s use 30 cm as an example. Now, the beam area of such a laser is going to be ~700 cm^2, giving the intensity at any one point inside the beam of a mere 29 milliwatts per square cm. Add to this fact that a dark-adapted, dilated pupil has an aperture area of only half a cm (~8mm dia), and neglecting path losses which it must be said are likely non-trivial, the absolute maximum amount of power that can reach the retina is now down to 15 milliwatts. Three times the power output of a typical 5 milliwatt laser pointer. </p>
<p>Add to all of this that laser guide stars are fixed to point at one spot on the sky (sky motion is trivial and can surely be neglected) and the speed of the plane must be at least, say 100 mph (4,500 cm/s), and the pilot in a plane unfortunate enough to fly through the beam while staring directly into it will have a maximum retinal exposure time of a whopping 7 milliseconds! </p>
<p>The amount of energy that can be deposited on a person&#8217;s retina in that amount of time at that power level, is simply trivial. At most, the pilot will experience a quick flash blindness of the kind you get after seeing a camera flash go off and the effects will almost certainly fade within a very short period of time. Beams of this intensity, used for this purpose, are complete non-hazards for both plane structural integrity and pilot eyesight.</p>
<p>However, I&#8217;m not sure if Phil is aware of it, but <a href="http://www.google.com/search?ds=n&amp;pq=laser+triggered+lightning&amp;hl=en&amp;cp=16&amp;gs_id=13&amp;xhr=t&amp;q=laser%20triggered%20lightning&amp;qe=bGFzZXIgdHJpZ2dlcmVkIGxpZ2h0bmluZw&amp;qesig=cTaGNX_FyNgTtY5uWE-7tA&amp;pkc=AFgZ2tkw3c3YmfD5er0C-lZlrMWXJ95oqdVZwv7toWACe14f7Xr83xjmVZYLoIB07Y_P-puKCHPzeuen1I8CD5s70-HYSOQaDQ&amp;client=firefox-a&amp;rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&amp;gs_sm=&amp;gs_upl=&amp;um=1&amp;biw=1600&amp;bih=1019&amp;bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.&amp;ie=UTF-8&amp;sa=N&amp;tab=iw" rel="nofollow">there ARE LASERS that are used to trigger lightning</a> (with varying levels of success) which were recently in the news. These lasers are MOST DEFINITELY NOT eye safe by any means, being pulsed lasers in the TRILLIONS of watts range sufficient to ionize air.</p>
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		<title>By: Chris Knight</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/comment-page-1/#comment-414357</link>
		<dc:creator>Chris Knight</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 06 Sep 2011 19:36:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/?p=37136#comment-414357</guid>
		<description>Ha! You haven&#039;t lived until you&#039;ve popped a ball of popcorn twenty feet in diameter with a five megawatt laser mounted on a B-1.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ha! You haven&#8217;t lived until you&#8217;ve popped a ball of popcorn twenty feet in diameter with a five megawatt laser mounted on a B-1.</p>
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		<title>By: doug baker</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/comment-page-1/#comment-414350</link>
		<dc:creator>doug baker</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 06 Sep 2011 19:24:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/?p=37136#comment-414350</guid>
		<description>sorry about that, still have trouble with my mobile device.

I would enjoy this picture as a poster, Who owns the copyright?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>sorry about that, still have trouble with my mobile device.</p>
<p>I would enjoy this picture as a poster, Who owns the copyright?</p>
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	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: doug baker</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/comment-page-1/#comment-414327</link>
		<dc:creator>doug baker</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 06 Sep 2011 18:58:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/?p=37136#comment-414327</guid>
		<description>I would enjoy this picture as a poster. Who owns the copyright?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I would enjoy this picture as a poster. Who owns the copyright?</p>
]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: Chris</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/comment-page-1/#comment-414313</link>
		<dc:creator>Chris</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 06 Sep 2011 18:33:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/?p=37136#comment-414313</guid>
		<description>@ Phil Plait
I certainly hope the skin of a plane is stronger than a balloon or a piece of paper, unless it&#039;s a paper airplane.  It might be interesting to see if a laser could pop a hot air balloon.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@ Phil Plait<br />
I certainly hope the skin of a plane is stronger than a balloon or a piece of paper, unless it&#8217;s a paper airplane.  It might be interesting to see if a laser could pop a hot air balloon.</p>
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		<title>By: Joseph G</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/comment-page-1/#comment-414300</link>
		<dc:creator>Joseph G</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 06 Sep 2011 18:19:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/?p=37136#comment-414300</guid>
		<description>Dumb off-topic question here, but what&#039;s the difference between &quot;superposed&quot; and &quot;superimposed&quot;?  &#039;Cuz I would have used the latter word, but then, I&#039;m not an astronomer (or a photographer), and I&#039;m sure I&#039;d have been wrong. 

Also, this picture definitely earns a running in the &quot;Most Badass Photo of the Year&quot; award.  All that&#039;s missing is Chuck Norris jump-kicking a machine gun-toting bear.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Dumb off-topic question here, but what&#8217;s the difference between &#8220;superposed&#8221; and &#8220;superimposed&#8221;?  &#8216;Cuz I would have used the latter word, but then, I&#8217;m not an astronomer (or a photographer), and I&#8217;m sure I&#8217;d have been wrong. </p>
<p>Also, this picture definitely earns a running in the &#8220;Most Badass Photo of the Year&#8221; award.  All that&#8217;s missing is Chuck Norris jump-kicking a machine gun-toting bear.</p>
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		<title>By: Mike H</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/comment-page-1/#comment-414289</link>
		<dc:creator>Mike H</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 06 Sep 2011 18:01:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/?p=37136#comment-414289</guid>
		<description>20 watts? Are we sure it&#039;s not 1.21 gigawatts?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>20 watts? Are we sure it&#8217;s not 1.21 gigawatts?</p>
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		<title>By: Phil Plait</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/comment-page-1/#comment-414264</link>
		<dc:creator>Phil Plait</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 06 Sep 2011 17:35:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/?p=37136#comment-414264</guid>
		<description>Marcum (20) and others: my standard-issue green laser pointer has a label that says the max power is &quot;&lt;160 mW&quot;, though it does not say what the actual average power in the beam is. But that&#039;s about 1/6th of a Watt, so I used that as a reference. 

My point about damaging the aircraft was from the idea that when I used a 1 Watt laser, I could pop balloons and burn paper within a fraction of a second. A beam 20 times that power would be more damaging. I wasn&#039;t thinking of a plane passing through the beam so much as the beam being held in one place, so I can see what I wrote is misleading. I added some weasel words to amend that. :)</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Marcum (20) and others: my standard-issue green laser pointer has a label that says the max power is &#8220;&lt;160 mW&#8221;, though it does not say what the actual average power in the beam is. But that&#8217;s about 1/6th of a Watt, so I used that as a reference. </p>
<p>My point about damaging the aircraft was from the idea that when I used a 1 Watt laser, I could pop balloons and burn paper within a fraction of a second. A beam 20 times that power would be more damaging. I wasn&#8217;t thinking of a plane passing through the beam so much as the beam being held in one place, so I can see what I wrote is misleading. I added some weasel words to amend that. <img src='http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':)' class='wp-smiley' /> </p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Chris</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/comment-page-1/#comment-414262</link>
		<dc:creator>Chris</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 06 Sep 2011 17:33:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/?p=37136#comment-414262</guid>
		<description>Will it damage a plane?  Sounds like a job for Mythbusters!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Will it damage a plane?  Sounds like a job for Mythbusters!</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Shoeshine Boy</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/comment-page-1/#comment-414258</link>
		<dc:creator>Shoeshine Boy</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 06 Sep 2011 17:30:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/?p=37136#comment-414258</guid>
		<description>Clearly this is a photo of an *incoming* laser hitting our defensive shields. The so-called lightning is the energy being dispersed.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Clearly this is a photo of an *incoming* laser hitting our defensive shields. The so-called lightning is the energy being dispersed.</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: TGAP Dad</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/comment-page-1/#comment-414240</link>
		<dc:creator>TGAP Dad</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 06 Sep 2011 16:47:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/?p=37136#comment-414240</guid>
		<description>Actually, Phil, I believe consumer laser pointers are limited to 5mw output, and need an IR filter on them. 1/5th watt (200mw) is plenty strong enough to cause eye damage and minor burns.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Actually, Phil, I believe consumer laser pointers are limited to 5mw output, and need an IR filter on them. 1/5th watt (200mw) is plenty strong enough to cause eye damage and minor burns.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: Douglas Troy</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/06/oh-great-now-we-have-lightning-equipped-with-lasers/comment-page-1/#comment-414237</link>
		<dc:creator>Douglas Troy</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 06 Sep 2011 16:43:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/?p=37136#comment-414237</guid>
		<description>Dr. Plait ... if we were to fire the EMDL (Earth Missle Defense Laser) into the storm, the SDNP (Storm Disruptor  Nano Particles) could use the laser to travel into the storm wall and absorb all the energy and save the city! It just ... might ... work ...</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Dr. Plait &#8230; if we were to fire the EMDL (Earth Missle Defense Laser) into the storm, the SDNP (Storm Disruptor  Nano Particles) could use the laser to travel into the storm wall and absorb all the energy and save the city! It just &#8230; might &#8230; work &#8230;</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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