I would like to propose something new.

This is my theory: first of all ” Time is not only related to space but also related to energy”. Fact: Gravitational time dilation effect: Gravity affects matter, there is no proof it affects time (as in time dimension). Therefore, time must be related to both energy and space. (this is my proposal, I know its contrary to popular belief, but present understanding doesn’t answer unsolved puzzles. Therefore a change in perspective was needed)

What is time?
Well to answer this first: How is time observed?
By change (includes motion). Only with change we can know whether time has passed or not; whether something has aged or not. Change also includes motion.

What causes change?
Force causes change (also motion). Forces such as: gravitational force, strong force, weak force, electromagnetic force.

Okay, Time is observed by change. But what change?
Observations: Basic: 1.Take a clock and observe. when one second is passed, the clock produces a sound (tick). This sound (tick) is actually energy that is released. As time moves forward, the clock releasesemits energy. This is change.

2. Electronic gadgets: Take a cell phone or laptop and observe. After a period of hours the gadget looses its power (energy). This means that the gadget is releasing energy constantly. What energy is released? It is mainly photons, thermal radiation (sound) etc.

Other examples: Human body (ask yourself why we need food, water and oxygen to survive?)

Sorry guys, I’m late for my job. I have to go. If you want to know more please read and look at the following:

Published paper on time: http://iosrjournals.org/journals/iosr-jap/papers/vol1-issue5/E0152327.pdf

Next: http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-0IaF_LqXsA4/UE85LKdNeAI/AAAAAAAAADE/b6nzlwx68FI/s1600/My+flowchart+pic.png

Thank you, and kindly note: English is not my first language. I have made errors in presentation… but the point I would like to convey is genuine. Thank you for understanding!

Sincerely
Sai

If actual “time reversal” does not occur, then I think it not sensible to talk about the “arrow of time” being reversed. Local decreases in entropy are consistent with the arrow of time being fixed from past to future; especially if the “region” of entropy decrease is small. If one speaks of localized decreases in entropy, I don’t see how it is useful to call that a reversal of the arrow of time; I think it only confuses things.

I think the arrow of time is fixed more properly by the fact that time-reversed events are highly improbable. A land slide down a mountain is not extraordinary, a land slide back up the mountain would be miraculous. It may be that, at the quantum level, the arrow of time is less clearly directed, but at higher scales it definitely is.

My analogy is to the surface of liquid water. At scales higher than molecular scale, a water/air interface (surface) is quite clear and definite. At molecular scales, where water vapor mixes with liquid water, and air gases with both, the boundary is more ambiguous.

Likewise, “now” is the interface where “future” becomes “past”. At a quantum level, events can and probably do run bi-directionally. At higher scales, this effect is washed out and time proceeds uniformly in one direction because even at a quantum level, some sequences of events are probabilistically favored over others: hence the arrow of time. “Time reversed” events don’t happen not because they can’t but because as the scale increases, the probability of the reversal becomes infinitesimal.

Not sure this helps. The smallness of the region should have no bearing on the arrow of time, as long as we are macroscopic. And I am not talking about reversing the particular path that a system takes in time (i.e. time-reversal), but reversing the arrow of time itself. I see how the local application of the laws of thermodynamics (accounting for energy/entropy fluxes into and out of a region) might lead to a “forward” arrow of time even if entropy is locally decreasing. But I have trouble seeing the connection between the cosmological integral of entropy and the local (thermodynamic) arrow of time.

I believe part of the answer to your question is that “regions of space where entropy is decreasing” are usually pretty small, and because the decrease in entropy is not recreating earlier conditions, but new, lower entropy conditions. If the arrow of time is reversed, not only is entropy decreased, but the configuration of matter is restored to a prior configuration, not a different configuration.

For instance, decreases in entropy resulting from the formation of memories don’t represent a reversal of the arrow of time because the because the memories created are not a recreation of a prior condition, but the creation of a new condition.

It is not necessary for any region of space to “know” about what’s happening in other parts; it is only necessary that events in near-by “regions” drive any entropy-reducing changes locally. And often, “near-by” is a “near” even in human terms, much less cosmic terms.

Hmm. Don’t we remember the past because we were there, and its attributes (whatever they were) imprinted themselves on us, but we have not experienced the future yet as it has not yet happened, so it has not yet imprinted itself on us?

sean s.

Seeing this today reminded of a grook by Piet Hein who never seems to grow ancient and worn to me. Here ’tis.

I’d Like to Know

I’d like to know
what this whole show
is about
before it’s out.

So, I’m glad you are helping me to know a little about the past, present and future since I won’t be around a few billion years from now or whatever it takes for us to know.

Cheers.

But seriously, thanks for the slides. The specific multiverse you showed was new to me. Such cool stuff is the reason why this is my favorite blog. Looking forward to the book!