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	<title>Comments on: A college degree as contraceptive</title>
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	<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2011/09/a-college-degree-as-contraceptive/</link>
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		<title>By: dave chamberlin</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2011/09/a-college-degree-as-contraceptive/#comment-36597</link>
		<dc:creator>dave chamberlin</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 01 Oct 2011 00:42:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=14005#comment-36597</guid>
		<description>Jason Malloy
I appreciate your response and your logical approach. Something does not yet add up and I can&#039;t put my finger on it.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Jason Malloy<br />
I appreciate your response and your logical approach. Something does not yet add up and I can&#8217;t put my finger on it.</p>
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		<title>By: Miguel Madeira</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2011/09/a-college-degree-as-contraceptive/#comment-36596</link>
		<dc:creator>Miguel Madeira</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 01 Oct 2011 00:34:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=14005#comment-36596</guid>
		<description>&quot;Female education lowers fertility primarily by stemming unplanned pregnancies.&quot;

The cause-effect could not be the opposite?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;Female education lowers fertility primarily by stemming unplanned pregnancies.&#8221;</p>
<p>The cause-effect could not be the opposite?</p>
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		<title>By: pconroy</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2011/09/a-college-degree-as-contraceptive/#comment-36595</link>
		<dc:creator>pconroy</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 29 Sep 2011 21:34:32 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=14005#comment-36595</guid>
		<description>@50,
The ideas about fast-tracking in education seem good, but, as the Canadian experience shows, people seem to accept that it’s ok for the more academic kids to be held back in the interests of more equality of outcome.

Yes, I too find this attitude of holding back the Gifted disgusting.

I&#039;m reminded of a seminar my wife dragged me to on how to navigate the New York Public school system a few weeks ago in Park Slope, Brooklyn. I asked a question on which schools stream gifted students, and the presenter refused to answer the question, then added that Gifted programs weren&#039;t all they were cracked up to be, and anyway who wants to send their kid to a class full of antisocial kids, and that regular classrooms were just as enriching as Gifted classrooms. Then she encouraged the mostly SWPL audience to send their kids to the lowest SES schools, to help &quot;balance&quot; the classrooms.

IMO, the reason a parent should send their Gifted kid to a Gifted class is NOT for enrichment, but for socialization. What most &lt;del&gt;idiots&lt;/del&gt; educators, don&#039;t seem to understand is that the Gifted - especially Very or Profoundly Gifted - are likely to be socially ostracized by the regular/dumber folk that they are surrounded by. But rather than allow a Gifted child to develop normally, they are more interested in providing every opportunity to stupid kids.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@50,<br />
The ideas about fast-tracking in education seem good, but, as the Canadian experience shows, people seem to accept that it’s ok for the more academic kids to be held back in the interests of more equality of outcome.</p>
<p>Yes, I too find this attitude of holding back the Gifted disgusting.</p>
<p>I&#8217;m reminded of a seminar my wife dragged me to on how to navigate the New York Public school system a few weeks ago in Park Slope, Brooklyn. I asked a question on which schools stream gifted students, and the presenter refused to answer the question, then added that Gifted programs weren&#8217;t all they were cracked up to be, and anyway who wants to send their kid to a class full of antisocial kids, and that regular classrooms were just as enriching as Gifted classrooms. Then she encouraged the mostly SWPL audience to send their kids to the lowest SES schools, to help &#8220;balance&#8221; the classrooms.</p>
<p>IMO, the reason a parent should send their Gifted kid to a Gifted class is NOT for enrichment, but for socialization. What most <del>idiots</del> educators, don&#8217;t seem to understand is that the Gifted &#8211; especially Very or Profoundly Gifted &#8211; are likely to be socially ostracized by the regular/dumber folk that they are surrounded by. But rather than allow a Gifted child to develop normally, they are more interested in providing every opportunity to stupid kids.</p>
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		<title>By: Jason Malloy</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2011/09/a-college-degree-as-contraceptive/#comment-36594</link>
		<dc:creator>Jason Malloy</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 29 Sep 2011 03:58:25 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=14005#comment-36594</guid>
		<description>Dave, from the same abstract: &quot;Path analysis shows that the effects of IQ on subsequent family size are almost entirely indirect through education; thus education provides most of the sought-for explanation&quot;.

And from the paper itself &quot;... the negative effect of IQ on [fertility] is almost two times larger for women than for men. &lt;b&gt;When education is introduced as a control, however, the adjusted effect becomes statistically nonsignificant for both men and women.&lt;/b&gt; Thus we interpret the effect of IQ on [fertility] to be indirect through education, or, in other words, education explains (in the sense of mediating) the effect of IQ on [fertility] as hypothesized.&quot;

Similarly there is an IQ/fertility correlation in the GSS but &lt;i&gt;not in the regression&lt;/i&gt;.

However I&#039;m currently reading through some more research and this interpretation might be wrong as well.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Dave, from the same abstract: &#8220;Path analysis shows that the effects of IQ on subsequent family size are almost entirely indirect through education; thus education provides most of the sought-for explanation&#8221;.</p>
<p>And from the paper itself &#8220;&#8230; the negative effect of IQ on [fertility] is almost two times larger for women than for men. <b>When education is introduced as a control, however, the adjusted effect becomes statistically nonsignificant for both men and women.</b> Thus we interpret the effect of IQ on [fertility] to be indirect through education, or, in other words, education explains (in the sense of mediating) the effect of IQ on [fertility] as hypothesized.&#8221;</p>
<p>Similarly there is an IQ/fertility correlation in the GSS but <i>not in the regression</i>.</p>
<p>However I&#8217;m currently reading through some more research and this interpretation might be wrong as well.</p>
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		<title>By: dave chamberlin</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2011/09/a-college-degree-as-contraceptive/#comment-36593</link>
		<dc:creator>dave chamberlin</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 29 Sep 2011 01:17:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=14005#comment-36593</guid>
		<description>52) the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study you refer to and claim finds the same dynamic, namely that IQ has no effect upon a women&#039;s family size, does not. If you will read the link you provided it says  &quot;the negative efect (of IQ influencing family size) was considerably larger for women than for men.&quot;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>52) the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study you refer to and claim finds the same dynamic, namely that IQ has no effect upon a women&#8217;s family size, does not. If you will read the link you provided it says  &#8220;the negative efect (of IQ influencing family size) was considerably larger for women than for men.&#8221;</p>
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		<title>By: Darkseid</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2011/09/a-college-degree-as-contraceptive/#comment-36592</link>
		<dc:creator>Darkseid</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 28 Sep 2011 22:02:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=14005#comment-36592</guid>
		<description>Thanks for that summary, Jason and keep up the awesome delicious bookmarks!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thanks for that summary, Jason and keep up the awesome delicious bookmarks!</p>
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		<title>By: Jacob Roberson</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2011/09/a-college-degree-as-contraceptive/#comment-36591</link>
		<dc:creator>Jacob Roberson</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 28 Sep 2011 17:40:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=14005#comment-36591</guid>
		<description>&lt;i&gt;Alex K. Chen (InquilineKea) Says: I might add that the Peter Thiel thing could also increase fertility among the educated, if it spreads.&lt;/i&gt;
Specify? I read &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Thiel&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;[[Peter Thiel]]&lt;/a&gt;, no help.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><i>Alex K. Chen (InquilineKea) Says: I might add that the Peter Thiel thing could also increase fertility among the educated, if it spreads.</i><br />
Specify? I read <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Thiel" rel="nofollow">[[Peter Thiel]]</a>, no help.</p>
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		<title>By: Jason Malloy</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2011/09/a-college-degree-as-contraceptive/#comment-36590</link>
		<dc:creator>Jason Malloy</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 28 Sep 2011 17:14:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=14005#comment-36590</guid>
		<description>The Inductivist does &lt;a href=&quot;http://inductivist.blogspot.com/2011/09/most-important-predictor-of-reduced.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;a GSS regression&lt;/a&gt; on factors that affect fertility. He finds a large negative effect for education, and no effect for IQ.  So the entire effect of IQ on fertility is mediated by education; this is very important and it is not an aberrant finding. Rosemary Hopcroft also nodded at this, somewhat obliquely, in her GSS analysis. And Robert Retherford found &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0160289689900159&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the same dynamic&lt;/a&gt; in the Wisconsin Longitudinal Survey.

So to summarize what seems to contradict all conventional wisdom:
1) Intelligence does &lt;i&gt;not&lt;/i&gt; depress fertility.
2) Female education is the primary reason for lower fertility.
3) Female education lowers fertility primarily by stemming unplanned pregnancies.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Inductivist does <a href="http://inductivist.blogspot.com/2011/09/most-important-predictor-of-reduced.html" rel="nofollow">a GSS regression</a> on factors that affect fertility. He finds a large negative effect for education, and no effect for IQ.  So the entire effect of IQ on fertility is mediated by education; this is very important and it is not an aberrant finding. Rosemary Hopcroft also nodded at this, somewhat obliquely, in her GSS analysis. And Robert Retherford found <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0160289689900159" rel="nofollow">the same dynamic</a> in the Wisconsin Longitudinal Survey.</p>
<p>So to summarize what seems to contradict all conventional wisdom:<br />
1) Intelligence does <i>not</i> depress fertility.<br />
2) Female education is the primary reason for lower fertility.<br />
3) Female education lowers fertility primarily by stemming unplanned pregnancies.</p>
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		<title>By: dave chamberlin</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2011/09/a-college-degree-as-contraceptive/#comment-36589</link>
		<dc:creator>dave chamberlin</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 28 Sep 2011 13:17:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=14005#comment-36589</guid>
		<description>GCochran is right, it won&#039;t take many generations of women who drop out of high school averaging twice as many children as women with graduate degrees to have a disasterous effect, even if  this ratio is considerably less in men. It is as if we are excused from thinking logically about the future because we can&#039;t exactly predict it and besides that, we will be dead.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>GCochran is right, it won&#8217;t take many generations of women who drop out of high school averaging twice as many children as women with graduate degrees to have a disasterous effect, even if  this ratio is considerably less in men. It is as if we are excused from thinking logically about the future because we can&#8217;t exactly predict it and besides that, we will be dead.</p>
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		<title>By: Clausentum</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2011/09/a-college-degree-as-contraceptive/#comment-36588</link>
		<dc:creator>Clausentum</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 28 Sep 2011 10:19:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=14005#comment-36588</guid>
		<description>The xkcd skit is fraught with the dishonesty and political correctness that prevent any rational debate on the issue. The only thing that surprises me is that nobody&#039;s thrown the eugenicist taunt at anybody yet.
The ideas about fast-tracking in education seem good, but, as the Canadian experience shows, people seem to accept that it&#039;s ok for the more academic kids to be held back in the interests of more equality of outcome. The taboo on selective education increases the effect of SES, because richer parents can find ways to give their kids a leg-up, inside or outside the public school system.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The xkcd skit is fraught with the dishonesty and political correctness that prevent any rational debate on the issue. The only thing that surprises me is that nobody&#8217;s thrown the eugenicist taunt at anybody yet.<br />
The ideas about fast-tracking in education seem good, but, as the Canadian experience shows, people seem to accept that it&#8217;s ok for the more academic kids to be held back in the interests of more equality of outcome. The taboo on selective education increases the effect of SES, because richer parents can find ways to give their kids a leg-up, inside or outside the public school system.</p>
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		<title>By: Wasn&#8217;t done yet damnit</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2011/09/a-college-degree-as-contraceptive/#comment-36587</link>
		<dc:creator>Wasn&#8217;t done yet damnit</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 28 Sep 2011 03:56:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=14005#comment-36587</guid>
		<description>How about the fact that the educated are offered free and/or discounted contraception? What about all of the free sex-Ed seminars offered at hundreds of universities? How about the fact that being broke without both of your parents puts you and your peers at better odds for unintended</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>How about the fact that the educated are offered free and/or discounted contraception? What about all of the free sex-Ed seminars offered at hundreds of universities? How about the fact that being broke without both of your parents puts you and your peers at better odds for unintended</p>
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		<title>By: Alex K. Chen (InquilineKea)</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2011/09/a-college-degree-as-contraceptive/#comment-36586</link>
		<dc:creator>Alex K. Chen (InquilineKea)</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 28 Sep 2011 02:41:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=14005#comment-36586</guid>
		<description>Wow, I actually came up with the exact same idea that Randall Parker came up with! So that&#039;s pretty exciting to me (for some discussion, see http://www.facebook.com/simfish/posts/183597101681295 )

I do feel, however, that early entrance would be a lot better than acceleration (or starting early). The latest results from the Terman Study (The Longevity Project) - http://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/19/science/19longevity_excerpt.html?pagewanted=1 - show that students who start school early actually have social problems and stunted development (this would have great applicability for the gifted, as Terman students were also gifted).  But - students who skip grades have no such problems with social adjustment (apparently, having the opportunity to play during early childhood really does matter). As someone who has gone to an early entrance program myself, I&#039;ve noticed that almost all the students there are almost universally glad that they&#039;ve went (and also do much better than most college students), and the students there aren&#039;t all super-geniuses either.

I might add that the Peter Thiel thing could also increase fertility among the educated, if it spreads.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Wow, I actually came up with the exact same idea that Randall Parker came up with! So that&#8217;s pretty exciting to me (for some discussion, see <a href="http://www.facebook.com/simfish/posts/183597101681295" rel="nofollow">http://www.facebook.com/simfish/posts/183597101681295</a> )</p>
<p>I do feel, however, that early entrance would be a lot better than acceleration (or starting early). The latest results from the Terman Study (The Longevity Project) &#8211; <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/19/science/19longevity_excerpt.html?pagewanted=1" rel="nofollow">http://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/19/science/19longevity_excerpt.html?pagewanted=1</a> &#8211; show that students who start school early actually have social problems and stunted development (this would have great applicability for the gifted, as Terman students were also gifted).  But &#8211; students who skip grades have no such problems with social adjustment (apparently, having the opportunity to play during early childhood really does matter). As someone who has gone to an early entrance program myself, I&#8217;ve noticed that almost all the students there are almost universally glad that they&#8217;ve went (and also do much better than most college students), and the students there aren&#8217;t all super-geniuses either.</p>
<p>I might add that the Peter Thiel thing could also increase fertility among the educated, if it spreads.</p>
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		<title>By: Kiwiguy</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2011/09/a-college-degree-as-contraceptive/#comment-36585</link>
		<dc:creator>Kiwiguy</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 28 Sep 2011 02:00:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=14005#comment-36585</guid>
		<description>***Higher education =/= necessarily mean higher IQ. Sometimes it just means better parents, more fortunate circumstances financially, etc***

@ Alyson,

IQ seems to predict academic achievement controlling for SES. On the other hand, SES only weakly predicts academic achievement.

http://infoproc.blogspot.com/2010/03/ses-and-iq.html

Also, people tend to mate with others with a similar educational background.

Schwartz, C. and R. D. Mare, Trends in Assortative Marriages from 1940 to 2003, Demography, 2005, 42 (4), 621646.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>***Higher education =/= necessarily mean higher IQ. Sometimes it just means better parents, more fortunate circumstances financially, etc***</p>
<p>@ Alyson,</p>
<p>IQ seems to predict academic achievement controlling for SES. On the other hand, SES only weakly predicts academic achievement.</p>
<p><a href="http://infoproc.blogspot.com/2010/03/ses-and-iq.html" rel="nofollow">http://infoproc.blogspot.com/2010/03/ses-and-iq.html</a></p>
<p>Also, people tend to mate with others with a similar educational background.</p>
<p>Schwartz, C. and R. D. Mare, Trends in Assortative Marriages from 1940 to 2003, Demography, 2005, 42 (4), 621646.</p>
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		<title>By: mustapha mond</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2011/09/a-college-degree-as-contraceptive/#comment-36584</link>
		<dc:creator>mustapha mond</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 28 Sep 2011 01:33:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=14005#comment-36584</guid>
		<description>Im just glad that I&#039;m a beta.  Sometimes alphas come to work wearing different colored socks!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Im just glad that I&#8217;m a beta.  Sometimes alphas come to work wearing different colored socks!</p>
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		<title>By: Razib Khan</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2011/09/a-college-degree-as-contraceptive/#comment-36583</link>
		<dc:creator>Razib Khan</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 28 Sep 2011 00:44:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=14005#comment-36583</guid>
		<description>&lt;i&gt;on the other hand evidence that genetics are &lt;b&gt;not the be all&lt;/b&gt; and end all of IQ&lt;/i&gt;

do you want to just argue, or do you want to see where we differ? &lt;b&gt;i did not say that genetics was the absolute determinant of IQ.&lt;/b&gt; i stated explicitly that the sorting was imperfect. in other words, &lt;b&gt;there is a correlation which exists outside of environmental factors because of past meritocracy and assortative mating.&lt;/b&gt; i appreciate that you did take the time to look into the literature (i&#039;m familiar with a lot of what you cited, and have even blogged it).</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><i>on the other hand evidence that genetics are <b>not the be all</b> and end all of IQ</i></p>
<p>do you want to just argue, or do you want to see where we differ? <b>i did not say that genetics was the absolute determinant of IQ.</b> i stated explicitly that the sorting was imperfect. in other words, <b>there is a correlation which exists outside of environmental factors because of past meritocracy and assortative mating.</b> i appreciate that you did take the time to look into the literature (i&#8217;m familiar with a lot of what you cited, and have even blogged it).</p>
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		<title>By: Jason Malloy</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2011/09/a-college-degree-as-contraceptive/#comment-36582</link>
		<dc:creator>Jason Malloy</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 28 Sep 2011 00:41:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=14005#comment-36582</guid>
		<description>The two key papers on intelligence, education, income, and fertility are the 2006 study by &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.socanth.uncc.edu/rlhopcro/Research/EHBfinalsexandreproductivesuccess.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Rosemary Hopcroft&lt;/a&gt; using the GSS and the 2008 study by &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rug.nl/biologie/onderzoek/onderzoekgroepen/theoreticalbiology/pdf/litClub/nePoAmNat08.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Daniel Nettle&lt;/a&gt; using the NCDS. Intelligence decreases fertility in men and women, education decreases fertility in men and women, and income decreases fertility in women but &lt;i&gt;increases&lt;/i&gt; fertility in men. This is not due to multiple offspring or multiple families, but solely because a higher income lowers male lifetime probability of childlessness. Dumb rich men are the most likely to reproduce, and there are probably a lot of pro athletes and entertainers who could illustrate this.

Also, it should be noted that Charles Murray &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vdare.com/articles/is-america-headed-for-idiocracy&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;found&lt;/a&gt; the same fertility levels for low and high IQ white women in the NLSY (although a somewhat higher fertility level for less intelligent blacks).</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The two key papers on intelligence, education, income, and fertility are the 2006 study by <a href="http://www.socanth.uncc.edu/rlhopcro/Research/EHBfinalsexandreproductivesuccess.pdf" rel="nofollow">Rosemary Hopcroft</a> using the GSS and the 2008 study by <a href="http://www.rug.nl/biologie/onderzoek/onderzoekgroepen/theoreticalbiology/pdf/litClub/nePoAmNat08.pdf" rel="nofollow">Daniel Nettle</a> using the NCDS. Intelligence decreases fertility in men and women, education decreases fertility in men and women, and income decreases fertility in women but <i>increases</i> fertility in men. This is not due to multiple offspring or multiple families, but solely because a higher income lowers male lifetime probability of childlessness. Dumb rich men are the most likely to reproduce, and there are probably a lot of pro athletes and entertainers who could illustrate this.</p>
<p>Also, it should be noted that Charles Murray <a href="http://www.vdare.com/articles/is-america-headed-for-idiocracy" rel="nofollow">found</a> the same fertility levels for low and high IQ white women in the NLSY (although a somewhat higher fertility level for less intelligent blacks).</p>
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		<title>By: Nameless_</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2011/09/a-college-degree-as-contraceptive/#comment-36581</link>
		<dc:creator>Nameless_</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 28 Sep 2011 00:14:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=14005#comment-36581</guid>
		<description>&quot;Is anyone aware of data that shows the difference in fertility rates between different educational groups adjusted for mortality rates?&quot;

Mortality between the ages of 1 and 40 for all educational groups in developed countries is quite small. In the US, the probability of a 1-year-old black male (the riskiest group) to die before the age of 40 is 6.2%. For a 1-year-old white female it&#039;s 1.7%. It&#039;s not enough to cancel the gap in fertility rates.

Mortality has gone down significantly for all educational groups in the last 200 years. Educated people benefited most, because infectious diseases used to be a major killer, and bacteria don&#039;t check your credentials.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;Is anyone aware of data that shows the difference in fertility rates between different educational groups adjusted for mortality rates?&#8221;</p>
<p>Mortality between the ages of 1 and 40 for all educational groups in developed countries is quite small. In the US, the probability of a 1-year-old black male (the riskiest group) to die before the age of 40 is 6.2%. For a 1-year-old white female it&#8217;s 1.7%. It&#8217;s not enough to cancel the gap in fertility rates.</p>
<p>Mortality has gone down significantly for all educational groups in the last 200 years. Educated people benefited most, because infectious diseases used to be a major killer, and bacteria don&#8217;t check your credentials.</p>
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		<title>By: Alyson</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2011/09/a-college-degree-as-contraceptive/#comment-36580</link>
		<dc:creator>Alyson</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 28 Sep 2011 00:12:25 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=14005#comment-36580</guid>
		<description>&quot;It’s bizarre how eagerly people jump from “educated women have lower fertility” to “educated people have lower fertility” when there is every reason to expect the pattern to be different for men.&quot;

Im glad you pointed that out. Males and females have different reproductive strategies overall, and its not surprising that educated women who have choices and are not dependent upon men for their finances might choose to pursue their own naturally preferred &quot;less in number but higher quality&quot; strategy.

Less educated women may also be more prone to have to deal with the &quot;higher number damn the quality&quot; male reproductive strategy for various reason, including religious influence, (Education and religosity also correlate negatively) or economic necessity. </description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;It’s bizarre how eagerly people jump from “educated women have lower fertility” to “educated people have lower fertility” when there is every reason to expect the pattern to be different for men.&#8221;</p>
<p>Im glad you pointed that out. Males and females have different reproductive strategies overall, and its not surprising that educated women who have choices and are not dependent upon men for their finances might choose to pursue their own naturally preferred &#8220;less in number but higher quality&#8221; strategy.</p>
<p>Less educated women may also be more prone to have to deal with the &#8220;higher number damn the quality&#8221; male reproductive strategy for various reason, including religious influence, (Education and religosity also correlate negatively) or economic necessity. </p>
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		<title>By: Mark</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2011/09/a-college-degree-as-contraceptive/#comment-36579</link>
		<dc:creator>Mark</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 28 Sep 2011 00:05:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=14005#comment-36579</guid>
		<description>&quot;Also when you say populations what populations are you talking about?&quot;

I&#039;d guess:  Mexicans, Indonesians, and Middle Easterners to start.  GCochran can correct me if I&#039;m wrong.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IQ_and_the_Wealth_of_Nations#National_IQ_estimates

I don&#039;t live and die by the specific numbers on the chart, but the trends are interesting.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;Also when you say populations what populations are you talking about?&#8221;</p>
<p>I&#8217;d guess:  Mexicans, Indonesians, and Middle Easterners to start.  GCochran can correct me if I&#8217;m wrong.</p>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IQ_and_the_Wealth_of_Nations#National_IQ_estimates" rel="nofollow">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IQ_and_the_Wealth_of_Nations#National_IQ_estimates</a></p>
<p>I don&#8217;t live and die by the specific numbers on the chart, but the trends are interesting.</p>
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		<title>By: Alyson</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2011/09/a-college-degree-as-contraceptive/#comment-36578</link>
		<dc:creator>Alyson</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 28 Sep 2011 00:05:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=14005#comment-36578</guid>
		<description>&quot;The models suggest that in impoverished families, 60% of the variance in IQ is accounted for by the shared environment, and the contribution of genes is close to zero; in affluent families, the result is almost exactly the reverse.&quot;

http://pss.sagepub.com/content/14/6/623.short

I found nothing on Google scholar that I could use to tear apart the data on IQ and education.  Which is what I want to see, not just that &quot;on average, people with advanced degrees have a higher IQ than people who do not attend college. &quot;  Why? Because a few geniuses can drag that average up and leave a lot of people with advanced degrees feeling pretty smug about their standing with little reason to.

I did find, on the other hand evidence that genetics are not the be all and end all of IQ, and that lack of education, because education and income correlate as well as IQ and education, can reduce IQ.

&quot;For traits that are primarily determined by genes, identical twins will show no variation, but fraternal twins will. For traits that are determined by environment, identical twins and fraternal twins will show similar patterns of variation in the trait. For traits that reflect an interaction between genes and environment, identical twins will show somewhat less variation than fraternal twins. (Confused about twin studies?)

What Turkheimer found was dramatic: for the families in the study at the very bottom of the socioeconomic scale, shared family environment accounted for 60 percent of the variance in IQ; and the contribution of genes was close to zero. (A third variable, non-shared environment, which includes factors such as gender, accounted for the remainder.)&quot;

http://sparkaction.org/content/new-thinking-children-poverty-iq

Which leaves the question of whether or not the overall IQ humanity will be harmed by the slower reproductive rate of the highly educated firmly on the table.  Not a foregone conclusion as some would like to make it seem.

And thats without even tearing into the tests themselves.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;The models suggest that in impoverished families, 60% of the variance in IQ is accounted for by the shared environment, and the contribution of genes is close to zero; in affluent families, the result is almost exactly the reverse.&#8221;</p>
<p><a href="http://pss.sagepub.com/content/14/6/623.short" rel="nofollow">http://pss.sagepub.com/content/14/6/623.short</a></p>
<p>I found nothing on Google scholar that I could use to tear apart the data on IQ and education.  Which is what I want to see, not just that &#8220;on average, people with advanced degrees have a higher IQ than people who do not attend college. &#8221;  Why? Because a few geniuses can drag that average up and leave a lot of people with advanced degrees feeling pretty smug about their standing with little reason to.</p>
<p>I did find, on the other hand evidence that genetics are not the be all and end all of IQ, and that lack of education, because education and income correlate as well as IQ and education, can reduce IQ.</p>
<p>&#8220;For traits that are primarily determined by genes, identical twins will show no variation, but fraternal twins will. For traits that are determined by environment, identical twins and fraternal twins will show similar patterns of variation in the trait. For traits that reflect an interaction between genes and environment, identical twins will show somewhat less variation than fraternal twins. (Confused about twin studies?)</p>
<p>What Turkheimer found was dramatic: for the families in the study at the very bottom of the socioeconomic scale, shared family environment accounted for 60 percent of the variance in IQ; and the contribution of genes was close to zero. (A third variable, non-shared environment, which includes factors such as gender, accounted for the remainder.)&#8221;</p>
<p><a href="http://sparkaction.org/content/new-thinking-children-poverty-iq" rel="nofollow">http://sparkaction.org/content/new-thinking-children-poverty-iq</a></p>
<p>Which leaves the question of whether or not the overall IQ humanity will be harmed by the slower reproductive rate of the highly educated firmly on the table.  Not a foregone conclusion as some would like to make it seem.</p>
<p>And thats without even tearing into the tests themselves.</p>
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