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	<title>Comments on: Beyond trees and European trees</title>
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		<title>By: pconroy</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2012/03/beyond-trees-and-european-trees/#comment-40894</link>
		<dc:creator>pconroy</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 10 Mar 2012 04:40:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=15952#comment-40894</guid>
		<description>Comment in moderation</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Comment in moderation</p>
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		<title>By: pconroy</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2012/03/beyond-trees-and-european-trees/#comment-40893</link>
		<dc:creator>pconroy</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 09 Mar 2012 10:20:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=15952#comment-40893</guid>
		<description>@Razib, @Dr Pickrell,
I&#039;m 90% sure that both of your suggestions are wrong.

@Dienekes,
I&#039;m 90% sure you are correct.

The reason is that both my father and mother are related to a supposedly 100% Mayan, called Carlos Solis. My father shares 2 segments with him and my mother 1 segment. When I corresponded with his daughter Yolanda Tamer, about 1.5 years ago, she said that surprisingly his Y-DNA was I1 - which has the highest frequency in Sweden today, with lesser amounts in Scandinavia, Holland the the Isles and Germany.

She said that Dr Doug McDonald indicated that her father&#039;s European admixture was &quot;strongly Irish or Orcadian&quot;. As she has made her father&#039;s results public on HIR Search, you can take a look for yourself:
http://hiropractic.snpology.com

So you can see my parents Michael Conroy and Margaret Conroy share segments, but also relatives like Michael Rice. All these people share ancestry from the South East of Ireland. Since I&#039;m assuming that her father does not have admixture in the last 150-200 years - or else he&#039;d probably know about it - then I suspect that the admixture event happened in the 1500-1700 time span.
So the clue as to who this mystery Irish person was, would be:
1. Someone probably from the South East of Ireland
2. Someone probably carrying a Norman or Viking name - based on Y-DNA
3. Most likely male

One name immediately comes to mind that fits the bill, he was an Irishman, born in 1611 from Wexford, of Norman origin, a spy, a linguist, a polymath, a soldier, drafter of the FIRST Proclamation of Independence in the Americas, and a NOTORIOUS WOMANIZER, who lived for years among the Maya. He was none other than William Lamport (AKA Guillén de Lampart, AKA Guillén de Lombardo):
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lamport

http://www.historyireland.com/volumes/volume9/issue3/features/?id=250

William lived among a group of Irishmen, who had dealings in Mexico, see here:
www.irlandeses.org/0903_005to020.pdf

Equally, this informs us of the existence of close
networks of communication between people of
Gaelic origin in American territory. From this
case it is clear that Diego Nugencio, Juan
Lombardo, Diego de la Concepción, Miguel de
Santa María, Thomas Gage, Tomás de León and
Guillermo Lombardo himself, as Fabio
Troncarelli suspected, exchanged impressions
with those of their nation.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@Razib, @Dr Pickrell,<br />
I&#8217;m 90% sure that both of your suggestions are wrong.</p>
<p>@Dienekes,<br />
I&#8217;m 90% sure you are correct.</p>
<p>The reason is that both my father and mother are related to a supposedly 100% Mayan, called Carlos Solis. My father shares 2 segments with him and my mother 1 segment. When I corresponded with his daughter Yolanda Tamer, about 1.5 years ago, she said that surprisingly his Y-DNA was I1 &#8211; which has the highest frequency in Sweden today, with lesser amounts in Scandinavia, Holland the the Isles and Germany.</p>
<p>She said that Dr Doug McDonald indicated that her father&#8217;s European admixture was &#8220;strongly Irish or Orcadian&#8221;. As she has made her father&#8217;s results public on HIR Search, you can take a look for yourself:<br />
<a href="http://hiropractic.snpology.com" rel="nofollow">http://hiropractic.snpology.com</a></p>
<p>So you can see my parents Michael Conroy and Margaret Conroy share segments, but also relatives like Michael Rice. All these people share ancestry from the South East of Ireland. Since I&#8217;m assuming that her father does not have admixture in the last 150-200 years &#8211; or else he&#8217;d probably know about it &#8211; then I suspect that the admixture event happened in the 1500-1700 time span.<br />
So the clue as to who this mystery Irish person was, would be:<br />
1. Someone probably from the South East of Ireland<br />
2. Someone probably carrying a Norman or Viking name &#8211; based on Y-DNA<br />
3. Most likely male</p>
<p>One name immediately comes to mind that fits the bill, he was an Irishman, born in 1611 from Wexford, of Norman origin, a spy, a linguist, a polymath, a soldier, drafter of the FIRST Proclamation of Independence in the Americas, and a NOTORIOUS WOMANIZER, who lived for years among the Maya. He was none other than William Lamport (AKA Guillén de Lampart, AKA Guillén de Lombardo):<br />
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lamport" rel="nofollow">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lamport</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.historyireland.com/volumes/volume9/issue3/features/?id=250" rel="nofollow">http://www.historyireland.com/volumes/volume9/issue3/features/?id=250</a></p>
<p>William lived among a group of Irishmen, who had dealings in Mexico, see here:<br />
<a href="http://www.irlandeses.org/0903_005to020.pdf" rel="nofollow">http://www.irlandeses.org/0903_005to020.pdf</a></p>
<p>Equally, this informs us of the existence of close<br />
networks of communication between people of<br />
Gaelic origin in American territory. From this<br />
case it is clear that Diego Nugencio, Juan<br />
Lombardo, Diego de la Concepción, Miguel de<br />
Santa María, Thomas Gage, Tomás de León and<br />
Guillermo Lombardo himself, as Fabio<br />
Troncarelli suspected, exchanged impressions<br />
with those of their nation.</p>
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		<title>By: Razib Khan</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2012/03/beyond-trees-and-european-trees/#comment-40892</link>
		<dc:creator>Razib Khan</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 08 Mar 2012 15:04:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=15952#comment-40892</guid>
		<description>&lt;I&gt;Also what Howell (#1) says makes some sense&lt;/I&gt;

well, after you explained your opinion it does. i had no idea what he was talking about and why. if he was gordon childe unadorned opinions would suffice, but otherwise, no.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><i>Also what Howell (#1) says makes some sense</i></p>
<p>well, after you explained your opinion it does. i had no idea what he was talking about and why. if he was gordon childe unadorned opinions would suffice, but otherwise, no.</p>
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		<title>By: Razib Khan</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2012/03/beyond-trees-and-european-trees/#comment-40891</link>
		<dc:creator>Razib Khan</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 08 Mar 2012 14:58:42 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=15952#comment-40891</guid>
		<description>&lt;i&gt; I find it more plausible that Siberian populations 15kya were admixed with a Northern European-like population. Other people have looked in much more detail (any detail at all really) at populations in this part of the world, so you’ll see a “real” analysis at some point soon.&lt;/i&gt;

yeah. that&#039;s what i think too. or more precisely there was &#039;circumpolar&#039; gene flow.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><i> I find it more plausible that Siberian populations 15kya were admixed with a Northern European-like population. Other people have looked in much more detail (any detail at all really) at populations in this part of the world, so you’ll see a “real” analysis at some point soon.</i></p>
<p>yeah. that&#8217;s what i think too. or more precisely there was &#8216;circumpolar&#8217; gene flow.</p>
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		<title>By: Charles Nydorf</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2012/03/beyond-trees-and-european-trees/#comment-40890</link>
		<dc:creator>Charles Nydorf</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 08 Mar 2012 14:06:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=15952#comment-40890</guid>
		<description>Good times, indeed!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Good times, indeed!</p>
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		<title>By: Dienekes</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2012/03/beyond-trees-and-european-trees/#comment-40889</link>
		<dc:creator>Dienekes</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 08 Mar 2012 13:26:09 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=15952#comment-40889</guid>
		<description>The simplest explanation is that many &quot;Native Americans&quot; are recently admixed with Europeans.

http://dienekes.blogspot.com/2011/09/latent-admixture-causes-spurious-serial.html</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The simplest explanation is that many &#8220;Native Americans&#8221; are recently admixed with Europeans.</p>
<p><a href="http://dienekes.blogspot.com/2011/09/latent-admixture-causes-spurious-serial.html" rel="nofollow">http://dienekes.blogspot.com/2011/09/latent-admixture-causes-spurious-serial.html</a></p>
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		<title>By: J Pickrell</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2012/03/beyond-trees-and-european-trees/#comment-40888</link>
		<dc:creator>J Pickrell</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 08 Mar 2012 13:07:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=15952#comment-40888</guid>
		<description>Thanks for the kind words about the paper.

&quot;My own working assumption was that the relatives of “Ancient South Indians” could be found in Southeast Asia,&quot;

That&#039;s my working model as well, for what it&#039;s worth.

&quot;Second, there is a tidbit which might lend support to the fans of the Solutrean model, or can be interpreted in that way &quot;

I&#039;d honestly never even heard of the Solutrean model before you wrote a bit about it here. I find it more plausible that Siberian populations 15kya were admixed with a Northern European-like population. Other people have looked in much more detail (any detail at all really) at populations in this part of the world, so you&#039;ll see a &quot;real&quot; analysis at some point soon.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thanks for the kind words about the paper.</p>
<p>&#8220;My own working assumption was that the relatives of “Ancient South Indians” could be found in Southeast Asia,&#8221;</p>
<p>That&#8217;s my working model as well, for what it&#8217;s worth.</p>
<p>&#8220;Second, there is a tidbit which might lend support to the fans of the Solutrean model, or can be interpreted in that way &#8221;</p>
<p>I&#8217;d honestly never even heard of the Solutrean model before you wrote a bit about it here. I find it more plausible that Siberian populations 15kya were admixed with a Northern European-like population. Other people have looked in much more detail (any detail at all really) at populations in this part of the world, so you&#8217;ll see a &#8220;real&#8221; analysis at some point soon.</p>
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		<title>By: Eurologist</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2012/03/beyond-trees-and-european-trees/#comment-40887</link>
		<dc:creator>Eurologist</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 08 Mar 2012 10:22:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=15952#comment-40887</guid>
		<description>Since the authors limited the number of admixture events studied, West Asia to Europe would need its own, dedicated analysis.   It is interesting, though, that inclusion of Oceanians changes things around - in particular, that a population bearing Caucasians and Russians becomes progenitor to SW Asians and Europeans.   In the end, there are likely too many admixture events to create a single useful tree for that region - although it would be interesting to see if the dominant tree from such a calculation reflects more of an ancient vs. neolithic pattern.  Within Europe, the work so far seems to show dominance of a northern/central European migration path vs. a Mediterranean one -  but is that ancient, neolithic, or IE - or a combination of all?

In addition to the ancient element in Cambodians, which was somewhat expected, I find it interesting that the calculations seem to show a Siberian origin of almost all East Asians - i.e., perhaps  more of a continental vs.  coastal migration in that region.  We knew this from the studies of ancient Siberian and Beringian sites (migration starting some place in central Siberia, and moving east) - but how did they get there, in the first place?   Of course, as in the case of Europe, this seems to require a dedicated analysis to better distinguish recent migrations and admixture due to rice farming.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Since the authors limited the number of admixture events studied, West Asia to Europe would need its own, dedicated analysis.   It is interesting, though, that inclusion of Oceanians changes things around &#8211; in particular, that a population bearing Caucasians and Russians becomes progenitor to SW Asians and Europeans.   In the end, there are likely too many admixture events to create a single useful tree for that region &#8211; although it would be interesting to see if the dominant tree from such a calculation reflects more of an ancient vs. neolithic pattern.  Within Europe, the work so far seems to show dominance of a northern/central European migration path vs. a Mediterranean one &#8211;  but is that ancient, neolithic, or IE &#8211; or a combination of all?</p>
<p>In addition to the ancient element in Cambodians, which was somewhat expected, I find it interesting that the calculations seem to show a Siberian origin of almost all East Asians &#8211; i.e., perhaps  more of a continental vs.  coastal migration in that region.  We knew this from the studies of ancient Siberian and Beringian sites (migration starting some place in central Siberia, and moving east) &#8211; but how did they get there, in the first place?   Of course, as in the case of Europe, this seems to require a dedicated analysis to better distinguish recent migrations and admixture due to rice farming.</p>
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		<title>By: Maju</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2012/03/beyond-trees-and-european-trees/#comment-40886</link>
		<dc:creator>Maju</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 08 Mar 2012 09:41:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=15952#comment-40886</guid>
		<description>Why would farmers be replaced? I find strikingly difficult to replace people who are attached to their land plot and who have large population densities.

Also what Howell (#1) says makes some sense: the Greek (or more properly &quot;Thessalian&quot;) Neolithic is very old, having one of the oldest dates for pottery in the Western parts of Eurasia (China or Japan are clearly older in this matter, although surely their pottery is pre-Neolithic. pre-agrarian). It&#039;s likely that Anatolian farmers had some influence in the development of Greek (and maybe also Thracian) Neolithic but the exact process is mostly unknown, largely because we know little of West Anatolian Neolithic.

In any case, when you compare for example Çatalhöyuk with Sesklo... there&#039;s almost no similitude other than mere farming: they are very different cultures in nearly everything. An arguably closer comparison has been made with Hacilar but, really, when you compare pottery styles (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ceramicstudies.me.uk/hgrafs01/ch145aas.gif&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Hac1&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ceramicstudies.me.uk/hgrafs01/ch128as.gif&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Hac2&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://condor.depaul.edu/sbucking/sesklo6a.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sesk1&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/greeks/art/pottery/pictures/sesklo.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Sesk2&lt;/a&gt;) the comparison seems very weak (and Hacilar has home structures like Çatalhöyuk, not like Sesklo). So we are still needing a good archaeological explanation for the genesis of the first European Neolithic in Thessaly c. 7000 BCE, barely a millennium after the first PPNB, which is the first consolidated Neolithic of all in West Eurasia (but still without pottery).

So for all practical purposes we should begin in Greece or in general in the Balcans (Thrace may be a second origin, while the Cardium Neolithic of the Adriatic Balcans has very limited precursors in Thessaly). Claiming an Anatolian origin right now seems difficult to support on light of the archeology we know.  Of course there must have been some cultural flow but it&#039;s not clear at all if that implied migrants, how many and how they interacted with the Epipaleolithic natives.

It&#039;s also not clear which is the origin of Epipaleolithic Anatolians by the way. It&#039;s a poorly known period again and some elements like rock art appear to have Western European or at least Dalmatian roots, although an Egyptian connection (Qurta) may now be claimed as well.

For me the only clear origin of European Neolithic(s) is in the Balcans (although Eastern European Neolithic has an independent genesis) and the connections with West Asia remain blurry, even if they should exist somehow.

However there was a second wave in the Balcans (and only there) c. 5000 BCE, the black and beige painted ware complex (Vinca and Dimini cultures specially, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.greeklandscapes.com/image-slides/dimini/pages/dimini-025.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;ex1&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a&gt;ex2&lt;/a&gt;), which is accompanied by destruction of some villages (fire) and has almost for sure an Anatolian origin (may be rooted in PPNB and is often compared with Can Hassan in Turkey).

So if you want to imagine that the ancestors of early European farmers (whom we know now are largely not the ancestors of modern Europeans anyhow) were replaced in their homeland, you have to extend that homeland to much of the Balcans. One might then imagine a relation with E1b-V13 for Vinca-Dimini but... now we know that this E1b-V13 key lineage was already among Cardium Pottery people as far west as Catalonia.

So no, really not: the pieces of the puzzle do not fit with a second mass replacement scenario in the Balcans.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Why would farmers be replaced? I find strikingly difficult to replace people who are attached to their land plot and who have large population densities.</p>
<p>Also what Howell (#1) says makes some sense: the Greek (or more properly &#8220;Thessalian&#8221;) Neolithic is very old, having one of the oldest dates for pottery in the Western parts of Eurasia (China or Japan are clearly older in this matter, although surely their pottery is pre-Neolithic. pre-agrarian). It&#8217;s likely that Anatolian farmers had some influence in the development of Greek (and maybe also Thracian) Neolithic but the exact process is mostly unknown, largely because we know little of West Anatolian Neolithic.</p>
<p>In any case, when you compare for example Çatalhöyuk with Sesklo&#8230; there&#8217;s almost no similitude other than mere farming: they are very different cultures in nearly everything. An arguably closer comparison has been made with Hacilar but, really, when you compare pottery styles (<a href="http://www.ceramicstudies.me.uk/hgrafs01/ch145aas.gif" rel="nofollow">Hac1</a>, <a href="http://www.ceramicstudies.me.uk/hgrafs01/ch128as.gif" rel="nofollow">Hac2</a>, <a href="http://condor.depaul.edu/sbucking/sesklo6a.jpg" rel="nofollow">Sesk1</a>, <a href="http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/greeks/art/pottery/pictures/sesklo.jpg" rel="nofollow">Sesk2</a>) the comparison seems very weak (and Hacilar has home structures like Çatalhöyuk, not like Sesklo). So we are still needing a good archaeological explanation for the genesis of the first European Neolithic in Thessaly c. 7000 BCE, barely a millennium after the first PPNB, which is the first consolidated Neolithic of all in West Eurasia (but still without pottery).</p>
<p>So for all practical purposes we should begin in Greece or in general in the Balcans (Thrace may be a second origin, while the Cardium Neolithic of the Adriatic Balcans has very limited precursors in Thessaly). Claiming an Anatolian origin right now seems difficult to support on light of the archeology we know.  Of course there must have been some cultural flow but it&#8217;s not clear at all if that implied migrants, how many and how they interacted with the Epipaleolithic natives.</p>
<p>It&#8217;s also not clear which is the origin of Epipaleolithic Anatolians by the way. It&#8217;s a poorly known period again and some elements like rock art appear to have Western European or at least Dalmatian roots, although an Egyptian connection (Qurta) may now be claimed as well.</p>
<p>For me the only clear origin of European Neolithic(s) is in the Balcans (although Eastern European Neolithic has an independent genesis) and the connections with West Asia remain blurry, even if they should exist somehow.</p>
<p>However there was a second wave in the Balcans (and only there) c. 5000 BCE, the black and beige painted ware complex (Vinca and Dimini cultures specially, <a href="http://www.greeklandscapes.com/image-slides/dimini/pages/dimini-025.html" rel="nofollow">ex1</a>, <a>ex2</a>), which is accompanied by destruction of some villages (fire) and has almost for sure an Anatolian origin (may be rooted in PPNB and is often compared with Can Hassan in Turkey).</p>
<p>So if you want to imagine that the ancestors of early European farmers (whom we know now are largely not the ancestors of modern Europeans anyhow) were replaced in their homeland, you have to extend that homeland to much of the Balcans. One might then imagine a relation with E1b-V13 for Vinca-Dimini but&#8230; now we know that this E1b-V13 key lineage was already among Cardium Pottery people as far west as Catalonia.</p>
<p>So no, really not: the pieces of the puzzle do not fit with a second mass replacement scenario in the Balcans.</p>
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		<title>By: Razib Khan</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2012/03/beyond-trees-and-european-trees/#comment-40885</link>
		<dc:creator>Razib Khan</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 08 Mar 2012 08:13:32 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=15952#comment-40885</guid>
		<description>who the hell cares what you think? elaborate &lt;i&gt;why&lt;/i&gt; you think that in detail in concrete substantive terms.  otherwise don&#039;t opine, i don&#039;t care.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>who the hell cares what you think? elaborate <i>why</i> you think that in detail in concrete substantive terms.  otherwise don&#8217;t opine, i don&#8217;t care.</p>
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		<title>By: Dwight E. Howell</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/2012/03/beyond-trees-and-european-trees/#comment-40884</link>
		<dc:creator>Dwight E. Howell</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 08 Mar 2012 08:12:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/gnxp/?p=15952#comment-40884</guid>
		<description>I don&#039;t think the fertile crescent actually maps well with the very first farmers or the groups that expanded outward into Europe.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I don&#8217;t think the fertile crescent actually maps well with the very first farmers or the groups that expanded outward into Europe.</p>
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