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	<title>Comments on: How the Printing Press Ensures Eternal Enlightenment (Or So They Thought in the 18th Century)</title>
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	<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/2010/09/21/how-the-printing-press-ensures-eternal-enlightenment-or-so-they-thought-in-the-18th-century/</link>
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		<title>By: Jon</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/2010/09/21/how-the-printing-press-ensures-eternal-enlightenment-or-so-they-thought-in-the-18th-century/#comment-48342</link>
		<dc:creator>Jon</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 28 Sep 2010 14:25:57 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/?p=12619#comment-48342</guid>
		<description>But we already went through your science discussion, Nullius, it consisted of &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://scienceblogs.com/illconsidered/2006/03/hockey-stick-is-broken.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;the hockey stick is broken&lt;/A&gt;&quot; and then proceeds to pretend not to know what I was talking about when I pointed to &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.skepticalscience.com/Hockey-stick-without-tree-rings.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;multiple lines of evidence&lt;/a&gt; that rendered your arguments about a 10-year-old study moot. (Unless your arguments involve a vague conspiracy involving scientists worldwide, an argument requiring lots of &quot;verba&quot; over verifiable fact.)

For a &quot;Nullius in Verba&quot; you sure seem to value &lt;b&gt;verbosity&lt;/b&gt; as an end in itself, seemingly unbothered by an absence of data or facts (see? satire.)</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>But we already went through your science discussion, Nullius, it consisted of &#8220;<a href="http://scienceblogs.com/illconsidered/2006/03/hockey-stick-is-broken.php" rel="nofollow">the hockey stick is broken</a>&#8221; and then proceeds to pretend not to know what I was talking about when I pointed to <a href="http://www.skepticalscience.com/Hockey-stick-without-tree-rings.html" rel="nofollow">multiple lines of evidence</a> that rendered your arguments about a 10-year-old study moot. (Unless your arguments involve a vague conspiracy involving scientists worldwide, an argument requiring lots of &#8220;verba&#8221; over verifiable fact.)</p>
<p>For a &#8220;Nullius in Verba&#8221; you sure seem to value <b>verbosity</b> as an end in itself, seemingly unbothered by an absence of data or facts (see? satire.)</p>
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		<title>By: Nullius in Verba</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/2010/09/21/how-the-printing-press-ensures-eternal-enlightenment-or-so-they-thought-in-the-18th-century/#comment-48341</link>
		<dc:creator>Nullius in Verba</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 26 Sep 2010 16:43:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/?p=12619#comment-48341</guid>
		<description>Jon #20,

I know what satire is. And I understood your technique. You&#039;re still trying to find an argument to support your belief in Argument from Authority ad Populam, and this attempt sought to suggest that the only possible explanation for Argument from Authority ad Populam to fail would be some sort of a ridiculous paranoid delusion involving Hitler and mind control rays or the equivalent. The insinuation, of course, was that anyone like us who asserted Argument from Authority ad Populam to be a fallacy must be just such a delusional paranoid.
I don&#039;t mind unflattering comparisons if they&#039;re sufficiently clever and make a valid point, but I don&#039;t think this one is or does.

As intellectual arguments go, it is &lt;i&gt;unimpressive&lt;/i&gt;. And I kind of suspect that if &lt;i&gt;I&lt;/i&gt; tried such tactics here, my comments would never see the light of day.

I&#039;m not impressed at Tim Lambert using it, either.

I just wanted you to know that. The technique doesn&#039;t work, and doesn&#039;t make your position look good. There are obviously many other reasons why Argument from Authority is widely considered to be a fallacy besides the possibility of invasion by a world-wide army of mind-controlling Hitler clones, and it would be more graceful if you conceded the point, and switched to presenting well-founded empirical evidence instead.

I appreciate that this is a harsh way of putting it, but it would be a great shame if conversation here devolved. Such conversations between opposing positions are precisely how the 18th century philosophers thought the printing press would bring about the Enlightenment. A curiously recursive discussion, is it not?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Jon #20,</p>
<p>I know what satire is. And I understood your technique. You&#8217;re still trying to find an argument to support your belief in Argument from Authority ad Populam, and this attempt sought to suggest that the only possible explanation for Argument from Authority ad Populam to fail would be some sort of a ridiculous paranoid delusion involving Hitler and mind control rays or the equivalent. The insinuation, of course, was that anyone like us who asserted Argument from Authority ad Populam to be a fallacy must be just such a delusional paranoid.<br />
I don&#8217;t mind unflattering comparisons if they&#8217;re sufficiently clever and make a valid point, but I don&#8217;t think this one is or does.</p>
<p>As intellectual arguments go, it is <i>unimpressive</i>. And I kind of suspect that if <i>I</i> tried such tactics here, my comments would never see the light of day.</p>
<p>I&#8217;m not impressed at Tim Lambert using it, either.</p>
<p>I just wanted you to know that. The technique doesn&#8217;t work, and doesn&#8217;t make your position look good. There are obviously many other reasons why Argument from Authority is widely considered to be a fallacy besides the possibility of invasion by a world-wide army of mind-controlling Hitler clones, and it would be more graceful if you conceded the point, and switched to presenting well-founded empirical evidence instead.</p>
<p>I appreciate that this is a harsh way of putting it, but it would be a great shame if conversation here devolved. Such conversations between opposing positions are precisely how the 18th century philosophers thought the printing press would bring about the Enlightenment. A curiously recursive discussion, is it not?</p>
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		<title>By: Sean McCorkle</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/2010/09/21/how-the-printing-press-ensures-eternal-enlightenment-or-so-they-thought-in-the-18th-century/#comment-48340</link>
		<dc:creator>Sean McCorkle</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 25 Sep 2010 17:22:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/?p=12619#comment-48340</guid>
		<description>Gaythia@7 - good points all.  Likely my perspective is biased, coming out of the 60s/70s homogeneous culture.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Gaythia@7 &#8211; good points all.  Likely my perspective is biased, coming out of the 60s/70s homogeneous culture.</p>
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		<title>By: Jon</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/2010/09/21/how-the-printing-press-ensures-eternal-enlightenment-or-so-they-thought-in-the-18th-century/#comment-48339</link>
		<dc:creator>Jon</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 25 Sep 2010 13:41:59 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/?p=12619#comment-48339</guid>
		<description>Nullius--It&#039;s called satire. It&#039;s for helping the reader appreciate the absurd. The Hitler reference was ironic. For instance, does this blogger break Godwin&#039;s Law?:

http://thepoorman.net/2008/04/28/corn-ethanol-is-the-worst-thing-since-sliced-hitler/

Also, &quot;Orbital Mind Control Lasers&quot; is an accepted internet tradition, alongside slightly more well known tropes like tin foil hats and cats requesting cheeseburgers. Here is &lt;a href=&quot;http://scienceblogs.com/deltoid/2007/03/climate_paranoia.php&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Tim Lambert using the phrase&lt;/a&gt;.  For more, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGIT_enUS330US330&amp;sourceid=chrome&amp;ie=UTF-8&amp;q=%22orbital+mind+control+lasers%22&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;try Google.&lt;/a&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Nullius&#8211;It&#8217;s called satire. It&#8217;s for helping the reader appreciate the absurd. The Hitler reference was ironic. For instance, does this blogger break Godwin&#8217;s Law?:</p>
<p><a href="http://thepoorman.net/2008/04/28/corn-ethanol-is-the-worst-thing-since-sliced-hitler/" rel="nofollow">http://thepoorman.net/2008/04/28/corn-ethanol-is-the-worst-thing-since-sliced-hitler/</a></p>
<p>Also, &#8220;Orbital Mind Control Lasers&#8221; is an accepted internet tradition, alongside slightly more well known tropes like tin foil hats and cats requesting cheeseburgers. Here is <a href="http://scienceblogs.com/deltoid/2007/03/climate_paranoia.php" rel="nofollow">Tim Lambert using the phrase</a>.  For more, <a href="http://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGIT_enUS330US330&amp;sourceid=chrome&amp;ie=UTF-8&amp;q=%22orbital+mind+control+lasers%22" rel="nofollow">try Google.</a></p>
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		<title>By: Nullius in Verba</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/2010/09/21/how-the-printing-press-ensures-eternal-enlightenment-or-so-they-thought-in-the-18th-century/#comment-48338</link>
		<dc:creator>Nullius in Verba</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 24 Sep 2010 17:35:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/?p=12619#comment-48338</guid>
		<description>&lt;i&gt;&quot;...a secret scientific Hitler...&quot;&lt;/i&gt;

Ah! Godwin&#039;s law strikes again! You know the convention...

&lt;i&gt;&quot;Orbital mind control lasers...&quot;&lt;/i&gt;

Is this intended to be representative of the level of argument that backs up your position?

I&#039;ve answered your question on a number of occasions previously, but I don&#039;t see any point in responding again this time. This sort of thing is not moving the debate forward, and it&#039;s not even very entertaining.

You know, the other reason for encouraging free debate on matters of controversy is that if you silence a view, people might suspect that there&#039;s something to it, while if you let them air their arguments in public, and they turn out to involve Hitler and mind control lasers, it&#039;s a lot less likely they&#039;ll be taken seriously. Well done!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><i>&#8220;&#8230;a secret scientific Hitler&#8230;&#8221;</i></p>
<p>Ah! Godwin&#8217;s law strikes again! You know the convention&#8230;</p>
<p><i>&#8220;Orbital mind control lasers&#8230;&#8221;</i></p>
<p>Is this intended to be representative of the level of argument that backs up your position?</p>
<p>I&#8217;ve answered your question on a number of occasions previously, but I don&#8217;t see any point in responding again this time. This sort of thing is not moving the debate forward, and it&#8217;s not even very entertaining.</p>
<p>You know, the other reason for encouraging free debate on matters of controversy is that if you silence a view, people might suspect that there&#8217;s something to it, while if you let them air their arguments in public, and they turn out to involve Hitler and mind control lasers, it&#8217;s a lot less likely they&#8217;ll be taken seriously. Well done!</p>
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		<title>By: Jon</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/2010/09/21/how-the-printing-press-ensures-eternal-enlightenment-or-so-they-thought-in-the-18th-century/#comment-48337</link>
		<dc:creator>Jon</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 24 Sep 2010 16:22:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/?p=12619#comment-48337</guid>
		<description>&lt;i&gt;The irony is that it’s only unconscious biases that could give you the impression that I’m losing arguments. &lt;/i&gt;

Back atcha. The dramatic irony here is very thick. I don&#039;t know how you explain what has happened in the scientific community when even Richard Lindzen is duped into accepting the consensus. What is going on? Orbital mind control lasers taking over scientists&#039; minds? Stealth totalitarians taking over the academy? How did everyone get to marching in lockstep like that? Is there a secret scientific Hitler out there stopping people from getting tenure by overturning the scientific consensus? I never got anything but vague answers from you on this, and some talking points cribbed from Steve McIntyre.

&lt;i&gt;...maybe the Enlightenment didn’t quite get it right by allowing free debate.&lt;/i&gt;

Um, no. The argument is that the Enlightenment didn’t quite get it right by assuming the man on the street would always be sufficiently informed by the press. People have been worried about that at least since Walter Lippmann&#039;s *Public Opinion* back in the 20&#039;s (And Orwell was worried about it too). Not a new line of discussion...</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><i>The irony is that it’s only unconscious biases that could give you the impression that I’m losing arguments. </i></p>
<p>Back atcha. The dramatic irony here is very thick. I don&#8217;t know how you explain what has happened in the scientific community when even Richard Lindzen is duped into accepting the consensus. What is going on? Orbital mind control lasers taking over scientists&#8217; minds? Stealth totalitarians taking over the academy? How did everyone get to marching in lockstep like that? Is there a secret scientific Hitler out there stopping people from getting tenure by overturning the scientific consensus? I never got anything but vague answers from you on this, and some talking points cribbed from Steve McIntyre.</p>
<p><i>&#8230;maybe the Enlightenment didn’t quite get it right by allowing free debate.</i></p>
<p>Um, no. The argument is that the Enlightenment didn’t quite get it right by assuming the man on the street would always be sufficiently informed by the press. People have been worried about that at least since Walter Lippmann&#8217;s *Public Opinion* back in the 20&#8242;s (And Orwell was worried about it too). Not a new line of discussion&#8230;</p>
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		<title>By: Nullius in Verba</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/2010/09/21/how-the-printing-press-ensures-eternal-enlightenment-or-so-they-thought-in-the-18th-century/#comment-48336</link>
		<dc:creator>Nullius in Verba</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 24 Sep 2010 11:30:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/?p=12619#comment-48336</guid>
		<description>Turing test? Orwell? Oh, you mean when we had that discussion about your version of Nineteen Eighty Four being different to mine? Yes, that was very funny.

The irony is that it&#039;s only unconscious biases that could give you the impression that I&#039;m losing arguments. You usually seem not to notice if I succeed in making a point; the only way I can tell if I&#039;m getting through is that you quickly move on to another topic and don&#039;t mention it again. It doesn&#039;t matter, because I&#039;m not trying to &#039;win&#039;. I&#039;m trying to understand, and be understood. I know perfectly well that I&#039;m not going to &lt;i&gt;convince&lt;/i&gt; anyone here, but I do think it would help if you &lt;i&gt;understood&lt;/i&gt; why other people think as they do; people like me. If you can understand an opponents best argument argued as well as it can be (without you having to believe it) then it&#039;s much easier to have a constructive debate.

Unconscious biases are a large part of what science is about; they are precisely what much of the scientific method is designed to deal with. Double-blind randomised trials? What possible difference can it make to the experiment what the &lt;i&gt;observer&lt;/i&gt; knows about the set-up? If you regard mention of bias in a discussion about science as &quot;babbling&quot;...

I&#039;m trying to get across some important principles of science here, in response to persistent &#039;babbling&#039; about non-science concepts like authority and consensus, or people (apparently) thinking maybe the Enlightenment didn&#039;t quite get it right by allowing free debate. I&#039;m trying to teach a bit of critical thinking.

This tendency towards &quot;intellectual tyranny in the name of science&quot; has been noted before, and others far better at it than I have tried to explain the difference.
&lt;i&gt;&quot;The first principle is that you must not fool yourself - and you are the easiest person to fool.&quot;&lt;/i&gt;
And yet, as he also notes (and gives examples of), we still keep on fooling ourselves, even scientists. &quot;Science is the belief in the ignorance of experts.&quot; A priori belief, I would have said, but it&#039;s close enough.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Turing test? Orwell? Oh, you mean when we had that discussion about your version of Nineteen Eighty Four being different to mine? Yes, that was very funny.</p>
<p>The irony is that it&#8217;s only unconscious biases that could give you the impression that I&#8217;m losing arguments. You usually seem not to notice if I succeed in making a point; the only way I can tell if I&#8217;m getting through is that you quickly move on to another topic and don&#8217;t mention it again. It doesn&#8217;t matter, because I&#8217;m not trying to &#8216;win&#8217;. I&#8217;m trying to understand, and be understood. I know perfectly well that I&#8217;m not going to <i>convince</i> anyone here, but I do think it would help if you <i>understood</i> why other people think as they do; people like me. If you can understand an opponents best argument argued as well as it can be (without you having to believe it) then it&#8217;s much easier to have a constructive debate.</p>
<p>Unconscious biases are a large part of what science is about; they are precisely what much of the scientific method is designed to deal with. Double-blind randomised trials? What possible difference can it make to the experiment what the <i>observer</i> knows about the set-up? If you regard mention of bias in a discussion about science as &#8220;babbling&#8221;&#8230;</p>
<p>I&#8217;m trying to get across some important principles of science here, in response to persistent &#8216;babbling&#8217; about non-science concepts like authority and consensus, or people (apparently) thinking maybe the Enlightenment didn&#8217;t quite get it right by allowing free debate. I&#8217;m trying to teach a bit of critical thinking.</p>
<p>This tendency towards &#8220;intellectual tyranny in the name of science&#8221; has been noted before, and others far better at it than I have tried to explain the difference.<br />
<i>&#8220;The first principle is that you must not fool yourself &#8211; and you are the easiest person to fool.&#8221;</i><br />
And yet, as he also notes (and gives examples of), we still keep on fooling ourselves, even scientists. &#8220;Science is the belief in the ignorance of experts.&#8221; A priori belief, I would have said, but it&#8217;s close enough.</p>
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		<title>By: Jon</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/2010/09/21/how-the-printing-press-ensures-eternal-enlightenment-or-so-they-thought-in-the-18th-century/#comment-48335</link>
		<dc:creator>Jon</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 24 Sep 2010 02:29:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/?p=12619#comment-48335</guid>
		<description>Ok, that time you passed the Turing test, unlike before with the George Orwell discussion. But I have to note the irony of someone calling themselves &quot;Nullius in Verba&quot; resorting to babbling about peoples&#039; &quot;unconscious biases&quot; when losing arguments on their merits...</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ok, that time you passed the Turing test, unlike before with the George Orwell discussion. But I have to note the irony of someone calling themselves &#8220;Nullius in Verba&#8221; resorting to babbling about peoples&#8217; &#8220;unconscious biases&#8221; when losing arguments on their merits&#8230;</p>
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		<title>By: Nullius in Verba</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/2010/09/21/how-the-printing-press-ensures-eternal-enlightenment-or-so-they-thought-in-the-18th-century/#comment-48334</link>
		<dc:creator>Nullius in Verba</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 23 Sep 2010 22:59:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/?p=12619#comment-48334</guid>
		<description>&lt;i&gt;&quot;Having read Nullius in Verba for a while, his ideas sound a lot like Social Darwinism.&quot;&lt;/i&gt;

Definitely not! Social Darwinism is &lt;i&gt;left&lt;/i&gt;-wing, not right.
(Although I&#039;m not exactly right-wing, either. It&#039;s all relative, I guess.)

Nevertheless, it is a most interesting thought, which I will pursue for a little...

&lt;i&gt;&quot;Why labor to give anyone critical thinking skills or an informed history curriculum if the just end result is that “fittest shall survive” in any case?&quot;&lt;/i&gt;

Because &quot;critical thinking skills&quot; are precisely what I&#039;m talking about. Critical thinking, and the ability to withstand it, is &#039;fitness&#039; in this case.

My analogy was to the basics of evolution by natural selection, not to &quot;might makes right&quot;. If that&#039;s what you understand natural selection to be, then it&#039;s not me that&#039;s the Social Darwinist around here. &#039;Fittest&#039; can mean the fastest, or the most intelligent gazelle, or the most cooperative family of gazelle&#039;s, too. A loving mother&#039;s sacrifice can be just what evolution implies.

Social Darwinism is precisely the trap I&#039;m warning against. Social Darwinists believed that they knew what constituted &#039;fittest&#039; (and somehow, the definition always seemed to encompass themselves) and regarded any behaviour contrary to it as opposing this natural progress, weakening the race. Their concept of fitness therefore needed a little help, since it kept on losing out to weakness when left to its own devices.

Likewise, there is a danger of believing that you know what constitutes the &#039;truth&#039; (which definition always encompasses one&#039;s own opinions) and any behaviour contrary to them, that results in one losing debates and believers, to be contrary to the natural progress of knowledge. One&#039;s concept of &#039;good science&#039; therefore needs a little help, since it keeps on losing arguments when left to its own devices.

That&#039;s an error. Everybody has unconscious biases and wrong beliefs. We are all susceptible to misinformation, error, prejudice, etc. That&#039;s why we need information flowing as freely as possible, to maximise the chances that the criticisms and attacks made upon &lt;i&gt;us&lt;/i&gt; will catch out our own mistakes before they take root, or propagate. The Intellectual Darwinist believes that in a free fight, lies would naturally beat truth, as the Social Darwinist believes the more violent and cruel will beat the friendly and altruistic. In the short-run, this can happen. But in the &lt;i&gt;long&lt;/i&gt; run, truth and kindness will win out. That&#039;s how they came to exist.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><i>&#8220;Having read Nullius in Verba for a while, his ideas sound a lot like Social Darwinism.&#8221;</i></p>
<p>Definitely not! Social Darwinism is <i>left</i>-wing, not right.<br />
(Although I&#8217;m not exactly right-wing, either. It&#8217;s all relative, I guess.)</p>
<p>Nevertheless, it is a most interesting thought, which I will pursue for a little&#8230;</p>
<p><i>&#8220;Why labor to give anyone critical thinking skills or an informed history curriculum if the just end result is that “fittest shall survive” in any case?&#8221;</i></p>
<p>Because &#8220;critical thinking skills&#8221; are precisely what I&#8217;m talking about. Critical thinking, and the ability to withstand it, is &#8216;fitness&#8217; in this case.</p>
<p>My analogy was to the basics of evolution by natural selection, not to &#8220;might makes right&#8221;. If that&#8217;s what you understand natural selection to be, then it&#8217;s not me that&#8217;s the Social Darwinist around here. &#8216;Fittest&#8217; can mean the fastest, or the most intelligent gazelle, or the most cooperative family of gazelle&#8217;s, too. A loving mother&#8217;s sacrifice can be just what evolution implies.</p>
<p>Social Darwinism is precisely the trap I&#8217;m warning against. Social Darwinists believed that they knew what constituted &#8216;fittest&#8217; (and somehow, the definition always seemed to encompass themselves) and regarded any behaviour contrary to it as opposing this natural progress, weakening the race. Their concept of fitness therefore needed a little help, since it kept on losing out to weakness when left to its own devices.</p>
<p>Likewise, there is a danger of believing that you know what constitutes the &#8216;truth&#8217; (which definition always encompasses one&#8217;s own opinions) and any behaviour contrary to them, that results in one losing debates and believers, to be contrary to the natural progress of knowledge. One&#8217;s concept of &#8216;good science&#8217; therefore needs a little help, since it keeps on losing arguments when left to its own devices.</p>
<p>That&#8217;s an error. Everybody has unconscious biases and wrong beliefs. We are all susceptible to misinformation, error, prejudice, etc. That&#8217;s why we need information flowing as freely as possible, to maximise the chances that the criticisms and attacks made upon <i>us</i> will catch out our own mistakes before they take root, or propagate. The Intellectual Darwinist believes that in a free fight, lies would naturally beat truth, as the Social Darwinist believes the more violent and cruel will beat the friendly and altruistic. In the short-run, this can happen. But in the <i>long</i> run, truth and kindness will win out. That&#8217;s how they came to exist.</p>
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		<title>By: Gaythia</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/2010/09/21/how-the-printing-press-ensures-eternal-enlightenment-or-so-they-thought-in-the-18th-century/#comment-48333</link>
		<dc:creator>Gaythia</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 23 Sep 2010 21:38:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/?p=12619#comment-48333</guid>
		<description>Anthony, I agree with pretty much everything you say, except for the conclusion that things would improve with a faster process.  I fear, that, peoples biases and prejudices being what they are, that we&#039;d mostly get wider and wilder philosophical pendulum swings.    We definitely need a equal rights and equal protection amendment, and slavery should never have been allowed in the first place.   I agree that the initial hesitancy on the part of the founding fathers to make the Senate a directly elected body is over concentrating power to small states.  In fact, I think that the odd &quot;This is a Republic, not a Democracy&quot; rhetoric taught by some of the right wing is a way to attempt to justify a future in which that would be even more true.   I agree that making amendments to improve things will be difficult. I do think that we have managed to make progress, and that we can continue to make progress.  It is not that I think that the Constitution is a perfect document.  My question would be, in real life, how best do we move forward?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Anthony, I agree with pretty much everything you say, except for the conclusion that things would improve with a faster process.  I fear, that, peoples biases and prejudices being what they are, that we&#8217;d mostly get wider and wilder philosophical pendulum swings.    We definitely need a equal rights and equal protection amendment, and slavery should never have been allowed in the first place.   I agree that the initial hesitancy on the part of the founding fathers to make the Senate a directly elected body is over concentrating power to small states.  In fact, I think that the odd &#8220;This is a Republic, not a Democracy&#8221; rhetoric taught by some of the right wing is a way to attempt to justify a future in which that would be even more true.   I agree that making amendments to improve things will be difficult. I do think that we have managed to make progress, and that we can continue to make progress.  It is not that I think that the Constitution is a perfect document.  My question would be, in real life, how best do we move forward?</p>
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