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	<title>Comments on: How Many People Died (or Will Die) From Chernobyl? And, Population Risk vs. Individual Risk</title>
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	<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/2011/04/12/how-many-people-died-or-will-die-from-chernobyl-and-population-risk-vs-individual-risk/</link>
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		<title>By: Dark Tent</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/2011/04/12/how-many-people-died-or-will-die-from-chernobyl-and-population-risk-vs-individual-risk/#comment-52499</link>
		<dc:creator>Dark Tent</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 13 Apr 2011 16:41:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/?p=17301#comment-52499</guid>
		<description>&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;this topic requires caution.&quot;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

...even from journalists, who sometimes (albeit only once in a blue moon) make claims before they understand the issues.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>&#8220;this topic requires caution.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<p>&#8230;even from journalists, who sometimes (albeit only once in a blue moon) make claims before they understand the issues.</p>
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		<title>By: Jamesqf</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/2011/04/12/how-many-people-died-or-will-die-from-chernobyl-and-population-risk-vs-individual-risk/#comment-52498</link>
		<dc:creator>Jamesqf</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 13 Apr 2011 02:34:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/?p=17301#comment-52498</guid>
		<description>Re #9: &quot;While the flood zone of a dam displaces a lot of land and potentially populations, there is a decision made in advance of it occurring and presumable more warning than a rumble, then a wave and finally a faint boom from a hydrogen explosion.&quot;

No, the rumble &amp; wave is what happens when the dam fails, perhaps because it was built near a major fault, and you live downstream.  (Folks in Portland, Oregon might take note.)  So with a hydro dam, you have the possibility of disastrous failure at some time in the dam&#039;s life (and how do you decomission a dam, eh?), plus the certainty that some amount of land (an area comparable to the Chernobyl exclusion zone) will be rendered uninhabitable - and unlike with a nuclear accident, unusable even as a wildlife refuge.

So let&#039;s reverse the process.  Instead of having nuclear accidents create wildlife refuges, let&#039;s put nuclear plants in areas set aside as refuges.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Re #9: &#8220;While the flood zone of a dam displaces a lot of land and potentially populations, there is a decision made in advance of it occurring and presumable more warning than a rumble, then a wave and finally a faint boom from a hydrogen explosion.&#8221;</p>
<p>No, the rumble &amp; wave is what happens when the dam fails, perhaps because it was built near a major fault, and you live downstream.  (Folks in Portland, Oregon might take note.)  So with a hydro dam, you have the possibility of disastrous failure at some time in the dam&#8217;s life (and how do you decomission a dam, eh?), plus the certainty that some amount of land (an area comparable to the Chernobyl exclusion zone) will be rendered uninhabitable &#8211; and unlike with a nuclear accident, unusable even as a wildlife refuge.</p>
<p>So let&#8217;s reverse the process.  Instead of having nuclear accidents create wildlife refuges, let&#8217;s put nuclear plants in areas set aside as refuges.</p>
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		<title>By: Eric the Leaf</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/2011/04/12/how-many-people-died-or-will-die-from-chernobyl-and-population-risk-vs-individual-risk/#comment-52497</link>
		<dc:creator>Eric the Leaf</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 13 Apr 2011 01:08:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/?p=17301#comment-52497</guid>
		<description>Rob, I think this is incorrect, and you forward a false choice. Why? Because there isn&#039;t a choice. Nuclear power is untenable, not specifically because of the health risks one way or the other, unless you also consider that a massive build-out of a nuclear fleet will demand a level of civil order and continuity without precedent. Consider also the need for hundreds of more reactors, just in the USA.

Furthermore, nuclear power depends on a stable grid, supply chain, economy, and environment far more than it can help to create these things. It’s the most complex and least resilient way we could possibly contrive to bring us our basic power needs. It’s not just a scientific problem, it’s a societal problem.

No, this will not occur, and the reasons are best summarized by Richard Heinberg, one of the world&#039;s top experts in resource supply, particularly of non-renewable fuel sources. See, for example, pages 36-38 of the following report: &quot;Searching for a Miracle: Net Energy Limits and the Fate of Industrial Society.&quot;

http://www.postcarbon.org/new-site-files/Reports/Searching_for_a_Miracle_web10nov09.pdf

Heinberg recently contrasted two possible future energy scenarios, one based on a low-carbon energy path and the other based on a high-carbon energy path:

http://richardheinberg.com/227-our-economic-black-hole

The result of this thought experiment was essentially the same. The future will involve much less total energy one way or the other. Nothing will &quot;save us&quot; in the traditional sense of continuing business as usual. Give up? Well, that&#039;s not what I would advocate, although it is something that I would recommend to anyone that would think that life is not worth living with anything less than the current level of energy consumption.

What a great interview Chris could have with Richard Heinberg, probably the world&#039;s leading journalist and educator on issues of resource availability and depletion, particularly on the occasion of the publication of his new book, which address The Intersection between economics, energy, and the environment.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Rob, I think this is incorrect, and you forward a false choice. Why? Because there isn&#8217;t a choice. Nuclear power is untenable, not specifically because of the health risks one way or the other, unless you also consider that a massive build-out of a nuclear fleet will demand a level of civil order and continuity without precedent. Consider also the need for hundreds of more reactors, just in the USA.</p>
<p>Furthermore, nuclear power depends on a stable grid, supply chain, economy, and environment far more than it can help to create these things. It’s the most complex and least resilient way we could possibly contrive to bring us our basic power needs. It’s not just a scientific problem, it’s a societal problem.</p>
<p>No, this will not occur, and the reasons are best summarized by Richard Heinberg, one of the world&#8217;s top experts in resource supply, particularly of non-renewable fuel sources. See, for example, pages 36-38 of the following report: &#8220;Searching for a Miracle: Net Energy Limits and the Fate of Industrial Society.&#8221;</p>
<p><a href="http://www.postcarbon.org/new-site-files/Reports/Searching_for_a_Miracle_web10nov09.pdf" rel="nofollow">http://www.postcarbon.org/new-site-files/Reports/Searching_for_a_Miracle_web10nov09.pdf</a></p>
<p>Heinberg recently contrasted two possible future energy scenarios, one based on a low-carbon energy path and the other based on a high-carbon energy path:</p>
<p><a href="http://richardheinberg.com/227-our-economic-black-hole" rel="nofollow">http://richardheinberg.com/227-our-economic-black-hole</a></p>
<p>The result of this thought experiment was essentially the same. The future will involve much less total energy one way or the other. Nothing will &#8220;save us&#8221; in the traditional sense of continuing business as usual. Give up? Well, that&#8217;s not what I would advocate, although it is something that I would recommend to anyone that would think that life is not worth living with anything less than the current level of energy consumption.</p>
<p>What a great interview Chris could have with Richard Heinberg, probably the world&#8217;s leading journalist and educator on issues of resource availability and depletion, particularly on the occasion of the publication of his new book, which address The Intersection between economics, energy, and the environment.</p>
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		<title>By: Rob Knop</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/2011/04/12/how-many-people-died-or-will-die-from-chernobyl-and-population-risk-vs-individual-risk/#comment-52496</link>
		<dc:creator>Rob Knop</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 13 Apr 2011 00:19:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/?p=17301#comment-52496</guid>
		<description>Here&#039;s what I don&#039;t understand about the whole &quot;low dose&quot; thing.  The low additional doses we&#039;re talking about are below the background dose you receive anyway.  If you receive a dose that is (say) 5% of the background radiation for one year, then, yeah, you have an increased risk, presumably.  But if we&#039;re going to &quot;blame&quot; however many deaths are due to that increased 5%, then we need to &quot;blame&quot; the factor of 20 greater deaths that happened **on background radiation**.  So, if we&#039;re going to get wild-eyed about how many people distributed widely over the world died because of an additional radiation dose one year, to be fair we should get just as wild eyed over the order of magnitude (or two, or whatever) greater number of people who died &quot;because of background radiation&quot;.

At some point you have to accept additional deaths as the cost of civilization.  We certainly do for coal miners.  In the USA, at least, and I suspect worldwide, the GREATEST number of deaths we accept as a &quot;cost of civilization&quot; are traffic accident deaths.  If we really put those numbers up, we should be screaming out loud about banning the automobile.   But, somehow, we as a society can accept these deaths as a background cost.  Unless we want a whole lot more deaths from the collapse of civilization due either to massive climate change or runaway energy costs, we&#039;re going to have to accept whatever background radiation deaths happen from nuclear accidents....  Barring an amazing breakthrough in fusion or in the cost of manufacturing solar panels, our choice is going to be nuclear power or ... well, or giving up, really.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Here&#8217;s what I don&#8217;t understand about the whole &#8220;low dose&#8221; thing.  The low additional doses we&#8217;re talking about are below the background dose you receive anyway.  If you receive a dose that is (say) 5% of the background radiation for one year, then, yeah, you have an increased risk, presumably.  But if we&#8217;re going to &#8220;blame&#8221; however many deaths are due to that increased 5%, then we need to &#8220;blame&#8221; the factor of 20 greater deaths that happened **on background radiation**.  So, if we&#8217;re going to get wild-eyed about how many people distributed widely over the world died because of an additional radiation dose one year, to be fair we should get just as wild eyed over the order of magnitude (or two, or whatever) greater number of people who died &#8220;because of background radiation&#8221;.</p>
<p>At some point you have to accept additional deaths as the cost of civilization.  We certainly do for coal miners.  In the USA, at least, and I suspect worldwide, the GREATEST number of deaths we accept as a &#8220;cost of civilization&#8221; are traffic accident deaths.  If we really put those numbers up, we should be screaming out loud about banning the automobile.   But, somehow, we as a society can accept these deaths as a background cost.  Unless we want a whole lot more deaths from the collapse of civilization due either to massive climate change or runaway energy costs, we&#8217;re going to have to accept whatever background radiation deaths happen from nuclear accidents&#8230;.  Barring an amazing breakthrough in fusion or in the cost of manufacturing solar panels, our choice is going to be nuclear power or &#8230; well, or giving up, really.</p>
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		<title>By: Tim Beauchamp</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/2011/04/12/how-many-people-died-or-will-die-from-chernobyl-and-population-risk-vs-individual-risk/#comment-52495</link>
		<dc:creator>Tim Beauchamp</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 12 Apr 2011 20:48:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/?p=17301#comment-52495</guid>
		<description>While the flood zone of a dam displaces a lot of land and potentially populations, there is a decision made in advance of it occurring and presumable more warning than a rumble, then a wave and finally a faint boom from a hydrogen explosion.  But, you point is well taken.  All forms of energy have risks and consequences associated with them.  They go well beyond short and long term health risks.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>While the flood zone of a dam displaces a lot of land and potentially populations, there is a decision made in advance of it occurring and presumable more warning than a rumble, then a wave and finally a faint boom from a hydrogen explosion.  But, you point is well taken.  All forms of energy have risks and consequences associated with them.  They go well beyond short and long term health risks.</p>
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		<title>By: Alvin Hulse</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/2011/04/12/how-many-people-died-or-will-die-from-chernobyl-and-population-risk-vs-individual-risk/#comment-52494</link>
		<dc:creator>Alvin Hulse</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 12 Apr 2011 19:56:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/?p=17301#comment-52494</guid>
		<description>WHO was contacted by Dr. John W. Gofman regarding the failures and flaws of the Chernobyl Health Registry Database. Here is assessment by of the Database by Gofman. I have included his curriculum viate in case anyone doubts his impeccable credentials. The Department of Energy is now tampering with the Atomic Bomb Victims Database.

http://www.ratical.org/radiation/CNR/JWGcv.html Curriculum Vitae

http://www.ratical.org/radiation/CNR/BioMedUnknow.html Chernobyl Faulty Database Assessment - Short Version

http://www.ratical.org/radiation/CNR/RIC/chp24.txt  Long Version

Chris Mooney - Perhaps if you had had this information before you interviewed David Brenner, you could have asked him some tough questions.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>WHO was contacted by Dr. John W. Gofman regarding the failures and flaws of the Chernobyl Health Registry Database. Here is assessment by of the Database by Gofman. I have included his curriculum viate in case anyone doubts his impeccable credentials. The Department of Energy is now tampering with the Atomic Bomb Victims Database.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.ratical.org/radiation/CNR/JWGcv.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.ratical.org/radiation/CNR/JWGcv.html</a> Curriculum Vitae</p>
<p><a href="http://www.ratical.org/radiation/CNR/BioMedUnknow.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.ratical.org/radiation/CNR/BioMedUnknow.html</a> Chernobyl Faulty Database Assessment &#8211; Short Version</p>
<p><a href="http://www.ratical.org/radiation/CNR/RIC/chp24.txt" rel="nofollow">http://www.ratical.org/radiation/CNR/RIC/chp24.txt</a>  Long Version</p>
<p>Chris Mooney &#8211; Perhaps if you had had this information before you interviewed David Brenner, you could have asked him some tough questions.</p>
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		<title>By: crf</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/2011/04/12/how-many-people-died-or-will-die-from-chernobyl-and-population-risk-vs-individual-risk/#comment-52493</link>
		<dc:creator>crf</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 12 Apr 2011 17:42:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/?p=17301#comment-52493</guid>
		<description>&quot;The best science that we have, I would suggest, cannot rule out the possibility that we should really include everybody who was exposed to extremely low doses.&quot;

Sure. Include them. But have the decency to emperically calculate the range of increased risk of cancer from those small doses. Then go out and try to independently validate your calculation by looking at the data. Do you see the increased deaths and cancers you thought you&#039;d see?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;The best science that we have, I would suggest, cannot rule out the possibility that we should really include everybody who was exposed to extremely low doses.&#8221;</p>
<p>Sure. Include them. But have the decency to emperically calculate the range of increased risk of cancer from those small doses. Then go out and try to independently validate your calculation by looking at the data. Do you see the increased deaths and cancers you thought you&#8217;d see?</p>
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		<title>By: Jamesqf</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/2011/04/12/how-many-people-died-or-will-die-from-chernobyl-and-population-risk-vs-individual-risk/#comment-52492</link>
		<dc:creator>Jamesqf</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 12 Apr 2011 17:23:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/?p=17301#comment-52492</guid>
		<description>Re: &quot;What about the secondary effects of forced abandonment of 750 square miles of land.&quot;

OK, but why is this worse than the forced abandonment of land because your government has e.g. decided to build a massive hydroelectric dam downstream?

If you somehow evade the authorities and stay after a nuclear accident (as some people did after Chernobyl) you MAYBE* have an increased cancer risk.  If you stay after the dam&#039;s built, you&#039;d better grow gills.

*And there&#039;s still no answer to the question of whether there&#039;s really any increased risk at all from low exposures.  It&#039;s simply an assumption, which seems to be contradicted by studies of e.g. places where there&#039;s a higher than average natural background, or the wildlife in the Chernobyl exclusion zone.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Re: &#8220;What about the secondary effects of forced abandonment of 750 square miles of land.&#8221;</p>
<p>OK, but why is this worse than the forced abandonment of land because your government has e.g. decided to build a massive hydroelectric dam downstream?</p>
<p>If you somehow evade the authorities and stay after a nuclear accident (as some people did after Chernobyl) you MAYBE* have an increased cancer risk.  If you stay after the dam&#8217;s built, you&#8217;d better grow gills.</p>
<p>*And there&#8217;s still no answer to the question of whether there&#8217;s really any increased risk at all from low exposures.  It&#8217;s simply an assumption, which seems to be contradicted by studies of e.g. places where there&#8217;s a higher than average natural background, or the wildlife in the Chernobyl exclusion zone.</p>
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		<title>By: Nullius in Verba</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/2011/04/12/how-many-people-died-or-will-die-from-chernobyl-and-population-risk-vs-individual-risk/#comment-52491</link>
		<dc:creator>Nullius in Verba</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 12 Apr 2011 17:14:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/?p=17301#comment-52491</guid>
		<description>Globally, about 150,000 people die per day, and 50 million per year. Over the 25 years since it happened that&#039;s 1.25 billion people, and counted over a lifetime, it&#039;s everyone. Given that most people live in countries where life expectancy is below what it is here in the West, it&#039;s probably safe to say that most of those deaths are premature. Perhaps that helps put it into context?

Never mind smoking and obesity - how does it compare to the death rate due to &lt;i&gt;poverty?&lt;/i&gt; Or lack of energy security? When faced with a choice between alternatives that will &lt;i&gt;all&lt;/i&gt; result in statistical deaths, how should we set our priorities?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Globally, about 150,000 people die per day, and 50 million per year. Over the 25 years since it happened that&#8217;s 1.25 billion people, and counted over a lifetime, it&#8217;s everyone. Given that most people live in countries where life expectancy is below what it is here in the West, it&#8217;s probably safe to say that most of those deaths are premature. Perhaps that helps put it into context?</p>
<p>Never mind smoking and obesity &#8211; how does it compare to the death rate due to <i>poverty?</i> Or lack of energy security? When faced with a choice between alternatives that will <i>all</i> result in statistical deaths, how should we set our priorities?</p>
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		<title>By: Eric the Leaf</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/2011/04/12/how-many-people-died-or-will-die-from-chernobyl-and-population-risk-vs-individual-risk/#comment-52490</link>
		<dc:creator>Eric the Leaf</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 12 Apr 2011 16:58:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/intersection/?p=17301#comment-52490</guid>
		<description>@2
That, and many other reasons why nuclear power is probably not a viable option for our energy future. It is not a &quot;simple&quot; question of weighing the radiation risk. But that is what this series of posts has seemed to imply.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@2<br />
That, and many other reasons why nuclear power is probably not a viable option for our energy future. It is not a &#8220;simple&#8221; question of weighing the radiation risk. But that is what this series of posts has seemed to imply.</p>
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