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	<title>Comments on: In The Prebiotic Kitchen</title>
	<atom:link href="http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/</link>
	<description>A blog about life, past and future. Written by DISCOVER contributing editor and columnist Carl Zimmer.</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Mon, 13 Feb 2012 19:00:24 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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		<title>By: What is the origin of life according to ToE? - Page 3 - Religious Education Forum</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/comment-page-1/#comment-59038</link>
		<dc:creator>What is the origin of life according to ToE? - Page 3 - Religious Education Forum</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 21 Jul 2011 16:38:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/#comment-59038</guid>
		<description>[...] Soup&#039;s On: Scientists Repeat Evolution&#039;s Most Famous Experiment  One step in pre-RNA to RNA  In The Prebiotic Kitchen &#124; The Loom &#124; Discover Magazine  (paper for above)  Synthesis of activated pyrimidine ribonucleotides in prebiotically plausible [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Soup&#039;s On: Scientists Repeat Evolution&#039;s Most Famous Experiment  One step in pre-RNA to RNA  In The Prebiotic Kitchen | The Loom | Discover Magazine  (paper for above)  Synthesis of activated pyrimidine ribonucleotides in prebiotically plausible [...]</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Anjelikajeri</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/comment-page-1/#comment-34670</link>
		<dc:creator>Anjelikajeri</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 12 Jul 2010 09:42:44 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/#comment-34670</guid>
		<description>Very nice effect, and great tutorials thanks for sharing 

 I read your blog and I feel that the information about &quot;computer&quot; it&#039;s really appreciable.

&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rangekitchenhoods.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Under-Cabinet Range Hoods&lt;/a&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Very nice effect, and great tutorials thanks for sharing </p>
<p> I read your blog and I feel that the information about &#8220;computer&#8221; it&#8217;s really appreciable.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.rangekitchenhoods.com" rel="nofollow">Under-Cabinet Range Hoods</a></p>
]]></content:encoded>
	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: Dov Henis</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/comment-page-1/#comment-29407</link>
		<dc:creator>Dov Henis</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 06 Mar 2010 19:58:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/#comment-29407</guid>
		<description>03.2010 Updated Life Manifest 

Update of 
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/140/122.page#2321

Recapitulation of some earlier notes on the 
Scientific Comprehension Of The Origin, Drive, Nature And Purpose Of Life 


A. Uniqueness Of science among human artifacts 

ALL aspects of our culture are, of course, anthropoartifacts, including science. Yet among those artifacts science has a distinct uniqueness for us. 

During the recent several centuries in the course of human history humans have been developing science at an accelerating rate as a provider of convincing, ever closer approaching, approximate models of the real world. 


B. Origin and nature of life

28Dec09 Implications Of E=Total[m(1 + D)] 
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/184.page#4587 

Astronomically there are two &quot;physics&quot;, a &quot;classical physics&quot; system of and between galactic clusters, and a &quot;quantum physics&quot; system WITHIN the galactic clusters.

The onset of big-bang&#039;s inflation started gravity, followed by formation of galactic clusters that behave as accelerating Newtonian bodies while continuously reconverting their shares of pre-inflation masses back to energy, that continuously fuels their ongoing expansion, and of endless intertwined evolutions WITHIN the clusters in attempts to resist-postpone this reconversion.

As mass is just another face of energy it is commonsensible to regard not only life, but mass in general, as a format of temporarily constrained energy.

It therefore ensues that whereas the in-space expanding cosmic constructs, the galaxies clusters, are - overall - continuously converting their original pre-inflation mass back to energy, the overall evolution WITHIN them, within the clusters, is in the opposite direction, temporarily constrained energy packages such as black holes and biospheres and other energy-storing mass-formats are precariuosly forming and &quot;doing best&quot; to survive &quot;as long as possible&quot;. 


C. The drive and nature of Earth life 

Earth life Genesis, formation of the first genes, was a phenomenon of serendipitous occurrence, in a supportive environment, of &#039;favourably-coursed&#039; energy potential between in-coming sun radiation and in-water polymerizing-precipitating RNA-related oligomeric configurations. 

The drive of Earth life and of its evolution is to enhance the functionality and survivability of Earth&#039;s genes, in order to maintain and enhance Earth-biosphere&#039;s temporary constrained energy storage, to maintain the biosphere BIO as long as possible. 

The RNA genes are life&#039;s prime strata organisms. They evolved their DNA-images as their organ, their continuously updated operational worklogs primal Earth&#039;s organisms libraries, and genomed them, i.e. nucleusized them, and celled them with their other organ, the outer cell membrane.

It is the RNA genes and their DNA replicas, life&#039;s prime strata organisms, that evolve, and the evolution of genomes, the 2nd stratum of life, and of the 3rd life stratum cellular organisms, is an interenhancing consequence of their genes&#039; evolution. 


D. The formation of Earth life 

Earth Life: 1. a format of temporarily constrained energy, retained in temporary constrained genetic energy packages in forms of genes, genomes and organisms 2. a real virtual affair that pops in and out of existence in its matrix, which is the energy constrained in Earth&#039;s biosphere. 

Earth organism: a temporary self-replicable constrained-energy genetic system that supports and maintains Earth&#039;s biosphere by proliferating and maintenance of genes. 

Gene: the primal Earth&#039;s organism and/or its functional DNA replicas. (1st stratum organism) 

Genome: a multigenes organism, comprising the genes operational replicas-work-patterns, an organ of the primal Earth&#039;s genes, consisting of a cooperative commune of its member genes. (2nd stratum organism) 

Cellular organisms: mono- or multi-celled Earth organisms. (3rd stratum organism) 


E. Update of underlying life sciences conception is thus feasible 

- First were independent individual RNA genes, Earth&#039;s primal organisms. 

- Genes aggregated cooperatively into genomes, RNA or their DNA replicas multigenes organisms, with genomes&#039; organs. 

- Simultaneously or consequently genomes evolved protective-functional membranes, their organs. 

- Then followed cellular organisms, with a variety of outer-cell membrane shapes and 
functionalities and a variety of inter- and intracell processes. 

This is a scientific, NOT A TECHNICAL, life-science conception. 

It is tomorrow&#039;s comprehension of life and of its evolution. 

IT IS FRAUGHT WITH INTRIGUING DARWINIAN EVOLUTION IMPLICATIONS. 

IT IS FRAUGHT WITH INTRIGUING TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS POTENTIALS. 


F. The purpose of OUR, human, life 

The purpose of OUR life and of its promotion is ours to formulate and set. It derives solely from our cognition. 


Suggesting, 

Dov Henis 
(Comments from 22nd century)

Cosmic Evolution Simplified
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/240/122.page#4427

http://profiles.yahoo.com/blog/2SF3CJJM5OU6T27OC4MFQSDYEU?num=5&amp;max=160&amp;start=0</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>03.2010 Updated Life Manifest </p>
<p>Update of<br />
<a href="http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/140/122.page#2321" rel="nofollow">http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/140/122.page#2321</a></p>
<p>Recapitulation of some earlier notes on the<br />
Scientific Comprehension Of The Origin, Drive, Nature And Purpose Of Life </p>
<p>A. Uniqueness Of science among human artifacts </p>
<p>ALL aspects of our culture are, of course, anthropoartifacts, including science. Yet among those artifacts science has a distinct uniqueness for us. </p>
<p>During the recent several centuries in the course of human history humans have been developing science at an accelerating rate as a provider of convincing, ever closer approaching, approximate models of the real world. </p>
<p>B. Origin and nature of life</p>
<p>28Dec09 Implications Of E=Total[m(1 + D)]<br />
<a href="http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/184.page#4587" rel="nofollow">http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/184.page#4587</a> </p>
<p>Astronomically there are two &#8220;physics&#8221;, a &#8220;classical physics&#8221; system of and between galactic clusters, and a &#8220;quantum physics&#8221; system WITHIN the galactic clusters.</p>
<p>The onset of big-bang&#8217;s inflation started gravity, followed by formation of galactic clusters that behave as accelerating Newtonian bodies while continuously reconverting their shares of pre-inflation masses back to energy, that continuously fuels their ongoing expansion, and of endless intertwined evolutions WITHIN the clusters in attempts to resist-postpone this reconversion.</p>
<p>As mass is just another face of energy it is commonsensible to regard not only life, but mass in general, as a format of temporarily constrained energy.</p>
<p>It therefore ensues that whereas the in-space expanding cosmic constructs, the galaxies clusters, are &#8211; overall &#8211; continuously converting their original pre-inflation mass back to energy, the overall evolution WITHIN them, within the clusters, is in the opposite direction, temporarily constrained energy packages such as black holes and biospheres and other energy-storing mass-formats are precariuosly forming and &#8220;doing best&#8221; to survive &#8220;as long as possible&#8221;. </p>
<p>C. The drive and nature of Earth life </p>
<p>Earth life Genesis, formation of the first genes, was a phenomenon of serendipitous occurrence, in a supportive environment, of &#8216;favourably-coursed&#8217; energy potential between in-coming sun radiation and in-water polymerizing-precipitating RNA-related oligomeric configurations. </p>
<p>The drive of Earth life and of its evolution is to enhance the functionality and survivability of Earth&#8217;s genes, in order to maintain and enhance Earth-biosphere&#8217;s temporary constrained energy storage, to maintain the biosphere BIO as long as possible. </p>
<p>The RNA genes are life&#8217;s prime strata organisms. They evolved their DNA-images as their organ, their continuously updated operational worklogs primal Earth&#8217;s organisms libraries, and genomed them, i.e. nucleusized them, and celled them with their other organ, the outer cell membrane.</p>
<p>It is the RNA genes and their DNA replicas, life&#8217;s prime strata organisms, that evolve, and the evolution of genomes, the 2nd stratum of life, and of the 3rd life stratum cellular organisms, is an interenhancing consequence of their genes&#8217; evolution. </p>
<p>D. The formation of Earth life </p>
<p>Earth Life: 1. a format of temporarily constrained energy, retained in temporary constrained genetic energy packages in forms of genes, genomes and organisms 2. a real virtual affair that pops in and out of existence in its matrix, which is the energy constrained in Earth&#8217;s biosphere. </p>
<p>Earth organism: a temporary self-replicable constrained-energy genetic system that supports and maintains Earth&#8217;s biosphere by proliferating and maintenance of genes. </p>
<p>Gene: the primal Earth&#8217;s organism and/or its functional DNA replicas. (1st stratum organism) </p>
<p>Genome: a multigenes organism, comprising the genes operational replicas-work-patterns, an organ of the primal Earth&#8217;s genes, consisting of a cooperative commune of its member genes. (2nd stratum organism) </p>
<p>Cellular organisms: mono- or multi-celled Earth organisms. (3rd stratum organism) </p>
<p>E. Update of underlying life sciences conception is thus feasible </p>
<p>- First were independent individual RNA genes, Earth&#8217;s primal organisms. </p>
<p>- Genes aggregated cooperatively into genomes, RNA or their DNA replicas multigenes organisms, with genomes&#8217; organs. </p>
<p>- Simultaneously or consequently genomes evolved protective-functional membranes, their organs. </p>
<p>- Then followed cellular organisms, with a variety of outer-cell membrane shapes and<br />
functionalities and a variety of inter- and intracell processes. </p>
<p>This is a scientific, NOT A TECHNICAL, life-science conception. </p>
<p>It is tomorrow&#8217;s comprehension of life and of its evolution. </p>
<p>IT IS FRAUGHT WITH INTRIGUING DARWINIAN EVOLUTION IMPLICATIONS. </p>
<p>IT IS FRAUGHT WITH INTRIGUING TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS POTENTIALS. </p>
<p>F. The purpose of OUR, human, life </p>
<p>The purpose of OUR life and of its promotion is ours to formulate and set. It derives solely from our cognition. </p>
<p>Suggesting, </p>
<p>Dov Henis<br />
(Comments from 22nd century)</p>
<p>Cosmic Evolution Simplified<br />
<a href="http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/240/122.page#4427" rel="nofollow">http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/240/122.page#4427</a></p>
<p><a href="http://profiles.yahoo.com/blog/2SF3CJJM5OU6T27OC4MFQSDYEU?num=5&#038;max=160&#038;start=0" rel="nofollow">http://profiles.yahoo.com/blog/2SF3CJJM5OU6T27OC4MFQSDYEU?num=5&#038;max=160&#038;start=0</a></p>
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		<title>By: Dov Henis</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/comment-page-1/#comment-28748</link>
		<dc:creator>Dov Henis</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 09 Feb 2010 15:46:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/#comment-28748</guid>
		<description>Life IS INDEED An RNA World

Genomes Are RNAs&#039;-Made Patterns-Manuals 

&quot;Repeats protect DNA&quot;
http://www.the-scientist.com/blog/display/57135/

&quot;More On Evolution In The Still RNA World&quot;
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/260/122.page#4818

Fitting together the pieces of the &quot;still an RNA world&quot; puzzle ?

- Rational probability and possibility that the initial, independent pre-biometabolism direct sunlight-fueled genes (life) were RNAs, who evolved their DNA-images as operational patterns-manuals libraries, and celled and genomed them. They most probably synthesized (and nucleusized) their DNAs manual libraries as their functional organs, to serve as their environmentally stabler than RNA, than themselves, works memory cores.

- Rational possibility that ALL RNAs represent the original archae-genes that since their (life) genesis have been and still are the primary actors, assessors, messengers, operators of all life processes.

- Rational possibility that the RNAs are the environmental feedback communicators to, and modifiers of, the genomes, that the RNAs are the effectors of the desirable biased genes expressions modifications, of enhanced energy constraining for survival.

Dov Henis
(Comments From The 22nd Century)
28Dec09 Implications Of E=Total[m(1 + D)] 
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/184.page#4587
Cosmic Evolution Simplified
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/240/122.page#4427</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Life IS INDEED An RNA World</p>
<p>Genomes Are RNAs&#8217;-Made Patterns-Manuals </p>
<p>&#8220;Repeats protect DNA&#8221;<br />
<a href="http://www.the-scientist.com/blog/display/57135/" rel="nofollow">http://www.the-scientist.com/blog/display/57135/</a></p>
<p>&#8220;More On Evolution In The Still RNA World&#8221;<br />
<a href="http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/260/122.page#4818" rel="nofollow">http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/260/122.page#4818</a></p>
<p>Fitting together the pieces of the &#8220;still an RNA world&#8221; puzzle ?</p>
<p>- Rational probability and possibility that the initial, independent pre-biometabolism direct sunlight-fueled genes (life) were RNAs, who evolved their DNA-images as operational patterns-manuals libraries, and celled and genomed them. They most probably synthesized (and nucleusized) their DNAs manual libraries as their functional organs, to serve as their environmentally stabler than RNA, than themselves, works memory cores.</p>
<p>- Rational possibility that ALL RNAs represent the original archae-genes that since their (life) genesis have been and still are the primary actors, assessors, messengers, operators of all life processes.</p>
<p>- Rational possibility that the RNAs are the environmental feedback communicators to, and modifiers of, the genomes, that the RNAs are the effectors of the desirable biased genes expressions modifications, of enhanced energy constraining for survival.</p>
<p>Dov Henis<br />
(Comments From The 22nd Century)<br />
28Dec09 Implications Of E=Total[m(1 + D)]<br />
<a href="http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/184.page#4587" rel="nofollow">http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/184.page#4587</a><br />
Cosmic Evolution Simplified<br />
<a href="http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/240/122.page#4427" rel="nofollow">http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/240/122.page#4427</a></p>
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		<title>By: Dov Henis</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/comment-page-1/#comment-28108</link>
		<dc:creator>Dov Henis</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 10 Jan 2010 19:51:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/#comment-28108</guid>
		<description>Unbelievable! Origin Of Life Pre-Metabolism?
The Wheel has Just Been Reinvented!
Read All About It!


What Came First in the Origin of Life? New Study Contradicts the &#039;Metabolism First&#039; Hypothesis
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/01/100108101433.htm


Dov Henis
(Comments From The 22nd Century)
Updated Life&#039;s Manifest May 2009 
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/140/122.page#2321
28Dec09 Implications Of E=Total[m(1 + D)] 
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/184.page#4587
Cosmic Evolution Simplified
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/240/122.page#4427


PS: Just reflect about sleep and chirality...  DH</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Unbelievable! Origin Of Life Pre-Metabolism?<br />
The Wheel has Just Been Reinvented!<br />
Read All About It!</p>
<p>What Came First in the Origin of Life? New Study Contradicts the &#8216;Metabolism First&#8217; Hypothesis<br />
<a href="http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/01/100108101433.htm" rel="nofollow">http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/01/100108101433.htm</a></p>
<p>Dov Henis<br />
(Comments From The 22nd Century)<br />
Updated Life&#8217;s Manifest May 2009<br />
<a href="http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/140/122.page#2321" rel="nofollow">http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/140/122.page#2321</a><br />
28Dec09 Implications Of E=Total[m(1 + D)]<br />
<a href="http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/184.page#4587" rel="nofollow">http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/184.page#4587</a><br />
Cosmic Evolution Simplified<br />
<a href="http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/240/122.page#4427" rel="nofollow">http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/240/122.page#4427</a></p>
<p>PS: Just reflect about sleep and chirality&#8230;  DH</p>
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		<title>By: zuihitsu.org :: et cetera &#187; archive &#187; In The Beginning</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/comment-page-1/#comment-18155</link>
		<dc:creator>zuihitsu.org :: et cetera &#187; archive &#187; In The Beginning</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 17 May 2009 00:13:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/#comment-18155</guid>
		<description>[...] And so one more complex structure falls prey to nature&#8217;s cunning. For commentary, see here and here. [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] And so one more complex structure falls prey to nature&#8217;s cunning. For commentary, see here and here. [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Lello Islam</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/comment-page-1/#comment-18153</link>
		<dc:creator>Lello Islam</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 16 May 2009 14:34:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/#comment-18153</guid>
		<description>Agreed about retrosynthetic analysis. The problem with the earlier attempts to make ribonucleotides has been retrosynthetic analysis. Yes, RNA is structurally and constitutionally more difficult at first look, merely because the number of atoms in it, as well as the stereochemical complexity (i.e it&#039;s three dimensional shape), but in terms of chemistry so far it has been demonstrated to be generated quite efficiently. GNA has yet to be demonstrated to be created prebiotically. Just because something looks simple, doesn&#039;t mean it&#039;s easier to make. Likewise, the same problem exists with other &#039;minimal&#039; nucleic acids such as PNA and TNA. 

With respect to RNA and amino acids, a nice paper was published by Sutherland and Mullen I think in 2007 in a german chemistry journal, Angewandte Chemie, where they activate ribonucleotides, as well as make amino acid amides.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Agreed about retrosynthetic analysis. The problem with the earlier attempts to make ribonucleotides has been retrosynthetic analysis. Yes, RNA is structurally and constitutionally more difficult at first look, merely because the number of atoms in it, as well as the stereochemical complexity (i.e it&#8217;s three dimensional shape), but in terms of chemistry so far it has been demonstrated to be generated quite efficiently. GNA has yet to be demonstrated to be created prebiotically. Just because something looks simple, doesn&#8217;t mean it&#8217;s easier to make. Likewise, the same problem exists with other &#8216;minimal&#8217; nucleic acids such as PNA and TNA. </p>
<p>With respect to RNA and amino acids, a nice paper was published by Sutherland and Mullen I think in 2007 in a german chemistry journal, Angewandte Chemie, where they activate ribonucleotides, as well as make amino acid amides.</p>
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		<title>By: Sili</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/comment-page-1/#comment-18152</link>
		<dc:creator>Sili</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 16 May 2009 14:21:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/#comment-18152</guid>
		<description>This reminds me of how the initial attempt at synthesising vitamin B12 failed due to the wrong choice of retrosynthesis.

Years of work making two halves that then could not be joined.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This reminds me of how the initial attempt at synthesising vitamin B12 failed due to the wrong choice of retrosynthesis.</p>
<p>Years of work making two halves that then could not be joined.</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Torbjörn Larsson, OM</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/comment-page-1/#comment-18141</link>
		<dc:creator>Torbjörn Larsson, OM</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 15 May 2009 23:04:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/#comment-18141</guid>
		<description>Nice writeup!

&lt;blockquote&gt;
In the so-called RNA world, this versatile molecule acted both like DNA (storing genetic information) and proteins (carrying out chemical reactions, such as building new RNA molecules).
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

One hypothesized task I&#039;ve seen is that RNA acts to concentrate and activate mono- or diamino acids, which likely preceded it. It is probable that in prebiotic chemistry a little bit of &#039;everything&#039; happened simultaneously. 

That is by the way a prediction that this result tests positive for as phospate isn&#039;t just an afterthought but contribute to the result. In the same sense, what is then less promising is that I hear they still had to purify in between steps.

Now I wonder if they could simplify (well, sort of since 4 reactions is really simple) by using glycine instead of ribose as backbone. GNA is a putative pre-RNA compound, doing the same task with an even simpler molecule. Again, perhaps initially both GNA and RNA was in play.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Nice writeup!</p>
<blockquote><p>
In the so-called RNA world, this versatile molecule acted both like DNA (storing genetic information) and proteins (carrying out chemical reactions, such as building new RNA molecules).
</p></blockquote>
<p>One hypothesized task I&#8217;ve seen is that RNA acts to concentrate and activate mono- or diamino acids, which likely preceded it. It is probable that in prebiotic chemistry a little bit of &#8216;everything&#8217; happened simultaneously. </p>
<p>That is by the way a prediction that this result tests positive for as phospate isn&#8217;t just an afterthought but contribute to the result. In the same sense, what is then less promising is that I hear they still had to purify in between steps.</p>
<p>Now I wonder if they could simplify (well, sort of since 4 reactions is really simple) by using glycine instead of ribose as backbone. GNA is a putative pre-RNA compound, doing the same task with an even simpler molecule. Again, perhaps initially both GNA and RNA was in play.</p>
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		<title>By: links for 2009-05-15 &#171; Amy G. Dala</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/comment-page-1/#comment-18130</link>
		<dc:creator>links for 2009-05-15 &#171; Amy G. Dala</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 15 May 2009 14:01:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/#comment-18130</guid>
		<description>[...] In The Prebiotic Kitchen &#124; The Loom &#124; Discover Magazine (tags: genetics research) [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] In The Prebiotic Kitchen | The Loom | Discover Magazine (tags: genetics research) [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Q ball</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/comment-page-1/#comment-18119</link>
		<dc:creator>Q ball</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2009 22:39:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/#comment-18119</guid>
		<description>Thanks for this one, Carl!  I love the &quot;origins&quot; stuff.  Your proto-ribosome and viroid pieces were fantastic, and this one&#039;s a real gem.  Keep &#039;em coming!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thanks for this one, Carl!  I love the &#8220;origins&#8221; stuff.  Your proto-ribosome and viroid pieces were fantastic, and this one&#8217;s a real gem.  Keep &#8216;em coming!</p>
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		<title>By: Want Soup? Try Prebiotic &#171; Good Tithings</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/comment-page-1/#comment-18114</link>
		<dc:creator>Want Soup? Try Prebiotic &#171; Good Tithings</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2009 16:31:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/#comment-18114</guid>
		<description>[...] I love this stuff: [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] I love this stuff: [...]</p>
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		<title>By: RNA world &#171; Thesquaredcircle</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/comment-page-1/#comment-18113</link>
		<dc:creator>RNA world &#171; Thesquaredcircle</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2009 16:12:47 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/#comment-18113</guid>
		<description>[...] till now. John Sutherland has come up with a chemical route by which RNA synthesis can take place.  Carl Zimmer of Discover magazine  does a great job of summarizing, as usual. Also, check out the article in NY times by  Nicholas [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] till now. John Sutherland has come up with a chemical route by which RNA synthesis can take place.  Carl Zimmer of Discover magazine  does a great job of summarizing, as usual. Also, check out the article in NY times by  Nicholas [...]</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Lello Islam</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/comment-page-1/#comment-18107</link>
		<dc:creator>Lello Islam</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2009 07:30:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/#comment-18107</guid>
		<description>Still not convinced by Panspermia. I&#039;ve just visited the wired.com website, and it&#039;s full of comments about this work being orchestrated by Obama.......please. 

This work has been ongoing for years. The conspiracy theories merely make me laugh, and smells of pathetiscm (even though it&#039;s not a real word I shall use it here). This is a bit like a bomb dropping on the heads of a creationist, metabolist or whatever other theory you believe in. 

Give me some hard facts, I&#039;m open minded and ready to be convinced.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Still not convinced by Panspermia. I&#8217;ve just visited the wired.com website, and it&#8217;s full of comments about this work being orchestrated by Obama&#8230;&#8230;.please. </p>
<p>This work has been ongoing for years. The conspiracy theories merely make me laugh, and smells of pathetiscm (even though it&#8217;s not a real word I shall use it here). This is a bit like a bomb dropping on the heads of a creationist, metabolist or whatever other theory you believe in. </p>
<p>Give me some hard facts, I&#8217;m open minded and ready to be convinced.</p>
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		<title>By: Mel</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/comment-page-1/#comment-18105</link>
		<dc:creator>Mel</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2009 03:42:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/#comment-18105</guid>
		<description>Captain Kidd, that website appears to just link to whatever the person who maintains it thinks supports his position regardless of what is linked to actually says.  I see a lot of titles of recent journal articles that have nothing to do with panspermia, and can only be linked to it by very contorted thinking.  Frankly, it reeks of a person who has decided what the absolute truth is, and thus tries to fit the world to that notion.  That isn&#039;t science - it is bad post hoc reasoning of the sort found in creationism and conspiracy theories.  Try linking to some peer-reviewed papers that explicitly test predictions from panspermia and give actual evidence for it.
And in any case, SteveC is correct:  you are just moving the question.  Life had to start somewhere, and wherever it started, the question remains as to how.  Panspermia does not even start to get at that question (even when it is a seriously address hypothesis, which it certainly is not at that website to which you referred everyone).</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Captain Kidd, that website appears to just link to whatever the person who maintains it thinks supports his position regardless of what is linked to actually says.  I see a lot of titles of recent journal articles that have nothing to do with panspermia, and can only be linked to it by very contorted thinking.  Frankly, it reeks of a person who has decided what the absolute truth is, and thus tries to fit the world to that notion.  That isn&#8217;t science &#8211; it is bad post hoc reasoning of the sort found in creationism and conspiracy theories.  Try linking to some peer-reviewed papers that explicitly test predictions from panspermia and give actual evidence for it.<br />
And in any case, SteveC is correct:  you are just moving the question.  Life had to start somewhere, and wherever it started, the question remains as to how.  Panspermia does not even start to get at that question (even when it is a seriously address hypothesis, which it certainly is not at that website to which you referred everyone).</p>
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		<title>By: The RNA World hypothesis just got a big boost &#171; Scary Reasoner</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/comment-page-1/#comment-18102</link>
		<dc:creator>The RNA World hypothesis just got a big boost &#171; Scary Reasoner</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2009 01:48:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/#comment-18102</guid>
		<description>[...] Carl Zimmer does a great job of explaining it on his blog, &#8220;The Loom&#8221; The comments and bibliography there are worth checking out as well. [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Carl Zimmer does a great job of explaining it on his blog, &#8220;The Loom&#8221; The comments and bibliography there are worth checking out as well. [...]</p>
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		<title>By: SteveC</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/comment-page-1/#comment-18101</link>
		<dc:creator>SteveC</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2009 01:41:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/#comment-18101</guid>
		<description>Panspermia?  That doesn&#039;t answer the question.  It just moves it.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Panspermia?  That doesn&#8217;t answer the question.  It just moves it.</p>
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		<title>By: Thomas Ferraro</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/comment-page-1/#comment-18098</link>
		<dc:creator>Thomas Ferraro</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2009 01:31:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/#comment-18098</guid>
		<description>Panspermia = &quot;it&#039;s turtles all the way down&quot;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Panspermia = &#8220;it&#8217;s turtles all the way down&#8221;</p>
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		<title>By: captain Kidd</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/comment-page-1/#comment-18096</link>
		<dc:creator>captain Kidd</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2009 01:05:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/#comment-18096</guid>
		<description>&lt;b&gt;&quot;Panspermia? Please provide some sort of evidence. An iota of it would be a start.&quot;&lt;/b&gt;

Start here:

http://www.panspermia.org/archindex.htm

That should keep you busy for a while!!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><b>&#8220;Panspermia? Please provide some sort of evidence. An iota of it would be a start.&#8221;</b></p>
<p>Start here:</p>
<p><a href="http://www.panspermia.org/archindex.htm" rel="nofollow">http://www.panspermia.org/archindex.htm</a></p>
<p>That should keep you busy for a while!!</p>
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		<title>By: insanecarbonbasedlifeform</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/comment-page-1/#comment-18094</link>
		<dc:creator>insanecarbonbasedlifeform</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 13 May 2009 23:21:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/#comment-18094</guid>
		<description>I haven&#039;t read the article yet. I can&#039;t concentrate enough. The duck on the right side of the first diagram keeps distracting me.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I haven&#8217;t read the article yet. I can&#8217;t concentrate enough. The duck on the right side of the first diagram keeps distracting me.</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Lello Islam</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/comment-page-1/#comment-18093</link>
		<dc:creator>Lello Islam</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 13 May 2009 23:19:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/#comment-18093</guid>
		<description>What do you mean by &#039;side step&#039;? Do you mean that we should take ribose, a nucleobase, and phosphate and then stick them together? 

It&#039;s been tried and it doesn&#039;t work. Which means it happened in another way. This work isn&#039;t a &#039;side step&#039;, it&#039;s an alternative way of the first few steps to getting to RNA. 

Panspermia? Please provide some sort of evidence. An iota of it would be a start.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>What do you mean by &#8216;side step&#8217;? Do you mean that we should take ribose, a nucleobase, and phosphate and then stick them together? </p>
<p>It&#8217;s been tried and it doesn&#8217;t work. Which means it happened in another way. This work isn&#8217;t a &#8216;side step&#8217;, it&#8217;s an alternative way of the first few steps to getting to RNA. </p>
<p>Panspermia? Please provide some sort of evidence. An iota of it would be a start.</p>
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		<title>By: captain Kidd</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/comment-page-1/#comment-18092</link>
		<dc:creator>captain Kidd</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 13 May 2009 23:05:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/#comment-18092</guid>
		<description>&lt;b&gt;Understanding how life emerged on Earth is one of the greatest challenges facing modern chemistry. A new way of looking at the synthesis of RNA sidesteps a thorny problem in the field.&lt;/b&gt;

They are on a fool&#039;s errand.

Cosmic Ancestry (panspermia) answers  most of the questions WRT the origin of life on earth.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><b>Understanding how life emerged on Earth is one of the greatest challenges facing modern chemistry. A new way of looking at the synthesis of RNA sidesteps a thorny problem in the field.</b></p>
<p>They are on a fool&#8217;s errand.</p>
<p>Cosmic Ancestry (panspermia) answers  most of the questions WRT the origin of life on earth.</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Lello Islam</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/comment-page-1/#comment-18091</link>
		<dc:creator>Lello Islam</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 13 May 2009 23:00:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/#comment-18091</guid>
		<description>Excellent summation of the research. 

With all due respect to Dr. Robert Shapiro, who has been commentating on this recently published work, and who advocates the &#039;Metabolism&#039; first hypothesis, this is a piece of work that is purely experimental with little or no hypothetical conjecture. 

Is it not true that we have to base science on facts? It is very easy to be cynical and criticise work, but if one does need to oppose one theory and propose an alternative, as Dr Shapiro has done in this case, should it not be backed up with some sort of evidence? 

Indeed it is true that Professor Eschenmoser once stated, and forgive me if it is slightly misworded,  that: 

&#039;The origins of life cannot be rediscovered, it must be reinvented&#039;. 

Let us say that this work is an example of what MAY have happened. What has been shown in this research may have not been the case. We will never know, but it is a strong contribution of what may have taken place on primordial earth. I call on those who would like to contest the &#039;RNA world&#039; or an &#039;RNA world + X&#039; hypothesis to disclose some sort of evidence otherwise.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Excellent summation of the research. </p>
<p>With all due respect to Dr. Robert Shapiro, who has been commentating on this recently published work, and who advocates the &#8216;Metabolism&#8217; first hypothesis, this is a piece of work that is purely experimental with little or no hypothetical conjecture. </p>
<p>Is it not true that we have to base science on facts? It is very easy to be cynical and criticise work, but if one does need to oppose one theory and propose an alternative, as Dr Shapiro has done in this case, should it not be backed up with some sort of evidence? </p>
<p>Indeed it is true that Professor Eschenmoser once stated, and forgive me if it is slightly misworded,  that: </p>
<p>&#8216;The origins of life cannot be rediscovered, it must be reinvented&#8217;. </p>
<p>Let us say that this work is an example of what MAY have happened. What has been shown in this research may have not been the case. We will never know, but it is a strong contribution of what may have taken place on primordial earth. I call on those who would like to contest the &#8216;RNA world&#8217; or an &#8216;RNA world + X&#8217; hypothesis to disclose some sort of evidence otherwise.</p>
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		<title>By: John Lynch</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/comment-page-1/#comment-18090</link>
		<dc:creator>John Lynch</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 13 May 2009 22:17:25 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/#comment-18090</guid>
		<description>Hi Carl,
Thanks for an interesting piece.  I&#039;m confused in your initial description of RNA as a sugar combining with a phosphate compound-- I see the Ribose sugar in your diagram, but the amino compound &quot;nucleobase&quot; hasn&#039;t a phosphate group or phosphorus atom to be seen.  My organic chemistry is very rusty, but is there something I&#039;m missing?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hi Carl,<br />
Thanks for an interesting piece.  I&#8217;m confused in your initial description of RNA as a sugar combining with a phosphate compound&#8211; I see the Ribose sugar in your diagram, but the amino compound &#8220;nucleobase&#8221; hasn&#8217;t a phosphate group or phosphorus atom to be seen.  My organic chemistry is very rusty, but is there something I&#8217;m missing?</p>
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		<title>By: Julie Simon Lakehomer</title>
		<link>http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/comment-page-1/#comment-18086</link>
		<dc:creator>Julie Simon Lakehomer</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 13 May 2009 20:46:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/loom/2009/05/13/in-the-prebiotic-kitchen/#comment-18086</guid>
		<description>Hi, Carl, This is very exciting.  It might be an evolutionary companion to an article by Robert Shapiro in the June, 2007 Scientific American.  Shapiro outlines an &quot;energy-driven&quot; initiation of life, which he terms &quot;metabolism first.&quot;  Droplets bounded by primitive membranes  (perhaps the microspheres described above by Richard Gayle) acquire useful compounds that react to supply energy to a slowly evolving series of growth stages.  These droplets acquire compounds at random from the environment, some useful some not.  Perhaps some of the randomly acquired compounds could be the ones you describe here.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hi, Carl, This is very exciting.  It might be an evolutionary companion to an article by Robert Shapiro in the June, 2007 Scientific American.  Shapiro outlines an &#8220;energy-driven&#8221; initiation of life, which he terms &#8220;metabolism first.&#8221;  Droplets bounded by primitive membranes  (perhaps the microspheres described above by Richard Gayle) acquire useful compounds that react to supply energy to a slowly evolving series of growth stages.  These droplets acquire compounds at random from the environment, some useful some not.  Perhaps some of the randomly acquired compounds could be the ones you describe here.</p>
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